Child Care as Citizenship Right? Toronto in the 1970s and 1980s.

The politics of child care offers insights into the transformation of the postwar conception of social citizenship. The rise of the dual-earner and lone-parent-earner family is producing a 'crisis of care' reflected in the growing need for non-parental child-care arrangements. This pressure, now bei...

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Publicado en:Canadian Historical Review Vol. 86; no. 2; pp. 285 - 316
Autor principal: Mahon, Rianne
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: University of Toronto Press Jun2005
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Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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        au: Mahon, Rianne
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        Child care
        Children's rights
        Primary care
        Public welfare
        Toronto (Ont.)
        Ontario
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        subj:
          Toronto (Ont.)
          Ontario
          Child care
          Children's rights
          Primary care
          Public welfare
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        The politics of child care offers insights into the transformation of the postwar conception of social citizenship. The rise of the dual-earner and lone-parent-earner family is producing a 'crisis of care' reflected in the growing need for non-parental child-care arrangements. This pressure, now being felt across Canadian society, started earlier in places like Toronto, the urban centre of Canada's postwar political economy. Needs do not, however, speak for themselves. They can, moreover, be met in different ways. The liberal approach, which predominates in Canada, targets public assistance at the neediest, but in Toronto during the 1970s and 1980s, a different model began to take shape, one in which early child education and care began to be considered a right available to all citizens. This paper examines the struggles that laid the foundations for a model for providing child care that was based on citizen rights in Toronto.
        Les politiques en matière de services de garde fournis sent un aperçu de l'évolution de la conception de la citoyenneté sociale dans la période d'après-guerre. La généralisation des families a deux revenus et des families monoparentales a un seul revenu est à l'origine d'une « crise des services de garde » dont témoigne ie besoin croissant de services de garde extrafamiliaux. Cette pression, que l'on commence a ressentir dans l'ensemble de la société canadienne, a commence plus tot dans des lieux comme Toronto, ie centre urbain de l'économie politique canadienne d'après-guerre. Cependant, les besoins ne se règlent pas par eux-mêmes. Par ailleurs, on peut y répondre de diverses manières. L'approche libérale, qui prédomine au Canada, met l'accent sur l'assistance publique destinée aux plus démunis, mais a Toronto, pendant les années 70 et 80, un autre modèle a commence a prendre forme, un modèle selon lequel l'éducation et la garde des jeunes enfants commençaient à être perçus comme un droit dont tous les citoyens pouvaient se prévaloir. Cet article étudie les luttes qui ont eu lieu a Toronto et qui ont permis de jeter les bases d'un modèle de prestation de services à la petite enfance fondé sur les droits des citoyens.
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