Democracy, firms, and cyber punishment: what cyberspace challenge do democracies face from the private sector?
I explore four sets of explanations on what makes it hard for democracies to penalise hackers for their digital actions. My analysis reveals that of the four challenges, two are more compelling than the others. First, scholarship suggests that democracies seek to meet the expectation to comply with...
| Publicado en: | Australian Journal of International Affairs Vol. 77; no. 5; pp. 528 - 548 |
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| Formato: | Artículo |
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Taylor & Francis Ltd
Oct2023
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hlh&AN=174100996&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: hlh uiTerm: 174100996 longDbName: Humanities International Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 10357718 UAF jtl: Australian Journal of International Affairs issn: 10357718 maglogo: Y pubinfo: dt: Oct2023 vid: 77 iid: 5 pid: 377 pub: Taylor & Francis Ltd artinfo: ui: 174100996 10.1080/10357718.2023.2274443 ppf: 528 ppct: 20 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P size: 1.4MB tig: atl: Democracy, firms, and cyber punishment: what cyberspace challenge do democracies face from the private sector? aug: au: Katagiri, Nori affil: Department of Political Science, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA su: Punishment (Psychology) Private sector Cyberspace Democracy Punishment sug: subj: Punishment (Psychology) Private sector Cyberspace Democracy Punishment keyword: Cybersecurity democratic states private sector punishment ab: I explore four sets of explanations on what makes it hard for democracies to penalise hackers for their digital actions. My analysis reveals that of the four challenges, two are more compelling than the others. First, scholarship suggests that democracies seek to meet the expectation to comply with international rules of engagement and refrain from aggressive cyberspace behaviour. Second, some argue that democracies face strong challenge from constituents who fear escalation. My investigation shows that these challenges are less severe than the following two. First, democracies struggle with complications that arise out of particular interactions that private actors engage on their behalf. Second, democracies face pressure from firms that hesitate to be part of activities that cause legal and financial consequences. States may also hesitate when they anticipate lawsuits by victims and firms implicated in hostile actions. In sum, democracies struggle with punishment strategy not so much because of behavioural ethics or escalation fear as consequences of having technology firms involved in hostile operations. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: Y custom: Copyright of Australian Journal of International Affairs is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. item: Australian Journal of International Affairs holder: Taylor & Francis Ltd dt: @attributes: year: 2023 holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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