Artificial Intelligence and Acute Appendicitis: A Systematic Review of Diagnostic and Prognostic Models.

Background: To assess the efficacy of artificial intelligence (AI) models in diagnosing and prognosticating acute appendicitis (AA) in adult patients compared to traditional methods. AA is a common cause of emergency department visits and abdominal surgeries. It is typically diagnosed through clinic...

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Publicado en:World Journal of Emergency Surgery Vol. 18; no. 1; pp. 1 - 32
Autores principales: Issaiy, Mahbod, Zarei, Diana, Saghazadeh, Amene
Formato: research systematic review tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: BioMed Central 12/19/2023
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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        17497922
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      jtl: World Journal of Emergency Surgery
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      dt: 12/19/2023
      vid: 18
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      pub: BioMed Central
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        174321416
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        10.1186/s13017-023-00527-2
        174321416
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        atl: Artificial Intelligence and Acute Appendicitis: A Systematic Review of Diagnostic and Prognostic Models.
      aug:
        au:
          Issaiy, Mahbod
          Zarei, Diana
          Saghazadeh, Amene
        affil: https://ror.org/01c4pz451 School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
      sug:
        subj:
          Artificial Intelligence Methods
          Appendicitis Prognosis
          Acute Disease Prognosis
          Appendicitis Diagnosis
          Acute Disease Diagnosis
          Prediction Models
          Human
          Systematic Review
          PubMed
          Embase
          Machine Learning
          Deep Learning
          Checklists
          Neural Networks (Computer)
          Algorithms
          Logistic Regression
          Descriptive Statistics
          Sepsis Risk Factors
          Risk Assessment
          Internal Validity
      ab: Background: To assess the efficacy of artificial intelligence (AI) models in diagnosing and prognosticating acute appendicitis (AA) in adult patients compared to traditional methods. AA is a common cause of emergency department visits and abdominal surgeries. It is typically diagnosed through clinical assessments, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. However, traditional diagnostic methods can be time-consuming and inaccurate. Machine learning models have shown promise in improving diagnostic accuracy and predicting outcomes. Main body: A systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines was conducted, searching PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Studies were evaluated for risk of bias using the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool. Data points extracted included model type, input features, validation strategies, and key performance metrics. Results: In total, 29 studies were analyzed, out of which 21 focused on diagnosis, seven on prognosis, and one on both. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) were the most commonly employed algorithm for diagnosis. Both ANN and logistic regression were also widely used for categorizing types of AA. ANNs showed high performance in most cases, with accuracy rates often exceeding 80% and AUC values peaking at 0.985. The models also demonstrated promising results in predicting postoperative outcomes such as sepsis risk and ICU admission. Risk of bias was identified in a majority of studies, with selection bias and lack of internal validation being the most common issues. Conclusion: AI algorithms demonstrate significant promise in diagnosing and prognosticating AA, often surpassing traditional methods and clinical scores such as the Alvarado scoring system in terms of speed and accuracy.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        systematic review
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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