Hallucination-Proneness is Associated With a Decrease in Robust Averaging of Perceptual Evidence.
Background and Hypothesis Hallucinations are characterized by disturbances in perceptual decision-making about environmental stimuli. When integrating across multiple stimuli to form a perceptual decision, typical observers engage in "robust averaging" by down-weighting extreme perceptual evidence,...
| Publicado en: | Schizophrenia Bulletin Vol. 50; no. 1; pp. 59 - 69 |
|---|---|
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
| Formato: | research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Oxford University Press / USA
Jan2024
|
| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=174979565&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 174979565 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 05867614 2CZ jtl: Schizophrenia Bulletin issn: 05867614 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Jan2024 vid: 50 iid: 1 pid: 622 pub: Oxford University Press / USA artinfo: ui: 174979565 174979565 174979565 10.1093/schbul/sbad129 174979565 ppf: 59 ppct: 10 formats: tig: atl: Hallucination-Proneness is Associated With a Decrease in Robust Averaging of Perceptual Evidence. aug: au: Larsen, Emmett M Jin, Jingwen Zhang, Xian Donaldson, Kayla R Liew, Megan Horga, Guillermo Luhmann, Christian Mohanty, Aprajita affil: Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY sug: subj: Psychotic Disorders Complications Hallucinations Complications Sensory Stimulation Color Perception Evaluation Task Performance and Analysis Human Comparative Studies Decision Making Computer Simulation Odds Ratio ab: Background and Hypothesis Hallucinations are characterized by disturbances in perceptual decision-making about environmental stimuli. When integrating across multiple stimuli to form a perceptual decision, typical observers engage in "robust averaging" by down-weighting extreme perceptual evidence, akin to a statistician excluding outlying data. Furthermore, observers adapt to contexts with more unreliable evidence by increasing this down-weighting strategy. Here, we test the hypothesis that hallucination-prone individuals (n = 38 high vs n = 91 low) would show a decrease in this robust averaging and diminished sensitivity to changes in evidence variance. Study Design We used a multielement perceptual averaging task to elicit dichotomous judgments about the "average color" (red/blue) of an array of stimuli in trials with varied strength (mean) and reliability (variance) of decision-relevant perceptual evidence. We fitted computational models to task behavior, with a focus on a log-posterior-ratio (LPR) model which integrates evidence as a function of the log odds of each perceptual option and produces a robust averaging effect. Study Results Hallucination-prone individuals demonstrated less robust averaging, seeming to weigh inlying and outlying extreme or untrustworthy evidence more equally. Furthermore, the model that integrated evidence as a function of the LPR of the two perceptual options and produced robust averaging showed poorer fit for the group prone to hallucinations. Finally, the weighting strategy in hallucination-prone individuals remained insensitive to evidence variance. Conclusions Our findings provide empirical support for theoretical proposals regarding evidence integration aberrations in psychosis and alterations in the perceptual systems that track statistical regularities in environmental stimuli. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
|---|