Evaluation of the effectiveness of cytisine for the treatment of smoking cessation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis.

Background and aims: Smoking is considered the main cause of preventable death world‐wide. This study aimed to review the efficacy and safety of cytisine for smoking cessation. Methods: This review included an exhaustive search of databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in health c...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Publicado en:Addiction Vol. 119; no. 4; pp. 649 - 664
Autores principales: De Santi, Omar, Orellana, Marcelo, Di Niro, Cecilia Andrea, Greco, Vanina
Formato: meta analysis research systematic review tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Wiley-Blackwell Apr2024
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
fields @attributes:
  recordID: 1
pdfLink:
plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=175800755&site=ehost-live
header:
  @attributes:
    shortDbName: ccm
    uiTerm: 175800755
    longDbName: CINAHL Complete
    uiTag: AN
  controlInfo:
    bkinfo:
    dissinfo:
    jinfo:
      jid:
        09652140
        AIO
      jtl: Addiction
      issn: 09652140
      maglogo: Y
    pubinfo:
      dt: Apr2024
      vid: 119
      iid: 4
      pid: 480
      pub: Wiley-Blackwell
      place: Malden, Massachusetts
    artinfo:
      ui:
        175800755
        174520502
        175800755
        175800755
        10.1111/add.16399
        175800755
      ppf: 649
      ppct: 15
      formats:
        fmt:
          – @attributes:
              type: T
          – @attributes:
              type: C
          – @attributes:
              type: P
      tig:
        atl: Evaluation of the effectiveness of cytisine for the treatment of smoking cessation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis.
      aug:
        au:
          De Santi, Omar
          Orellana, Marcelo
          Di Niro, Cecilia Andrea
          Greco, Vanina
        affil: Toxicology, Hospital Nacional Professor Alejandro Posadas, Centro Nacional de Intoxicaciones, (CNI), Buenos Aires, Argentina
      sug:
        subj:
          Smoking Prevention and Control
          Alkaloids Therapeutic Use
          Smoking Cessation
          Drug Efficacy
          Patient Safety
          Human
          Male
          Female
          Systematic Review
          Cochrane Library
          PubMed
          Meta Analysis
          Descriptive Statistics
          Comparative Studies
          Confidence Intervals
          Low and Middle Income Countries
          Male
          Female
      ab: Background and aims: Smoking is considered the main cause of preventable death world‐wide. This study aimed to review the efficacy and safety of cytisine for smoking cessation. Methods: This review included an exhaustive search of databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in health centers of any level with smokers of any age or gender investigating the effects of cytisine at standard dosage versus placebo, varenicline or nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). Results: We identified 12 RCTs. Eight RCTs compared cytisine with placebo at the standard dose covering 5922 patients, 2996 of whom took cytisine, delivering a risk ratio (RR) of 2.25 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.42–3.56; I2 = 88%; moderate‐quality evidence]. The greater intensity of behavioral therapy was associated directly with the efficacy findings (moderate‐quality evidence). The confirmed efficacy of cytisine was not evidenced in trials conducted in low‐ and middle‐income countries. We estimate a number needed to treat (NNT) of 11. Two trials compared the efficacy of cytisine versus NRT, and the combination of both studies yields modest results in favor of cytisine. Three trials compared cytisine with varenicline, without a clear benefit for cytisine. Meta‐analyses of all non‐serious adverse events in the cytisine group versus placebo groups yielded a RR of 1.24 (95% CI = 1.11–1.39; participants = 5895; studies = 8; I2 = 0%; high‐quality evidence). Conclusions: Cytisine increases the chances of successful smoking cessation by more than twofold compared with placebo and has a benign safety profile, with no evidence of serious safety concerns. Limited evidence suggests that cytisine may be more effective than nicotine replacement therapy, with modest cessation rates.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        meta analysis
        research
        systematic review
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
    refInfo:
    holdings:
      @attributes:
        islocal: N