| Sumario: | To understand the clinical status of implementing individualized repositioning frequency—and its barriers and facilitators—among critical care nurses in China, in view of developing targeted intervention strategies and improving guideline implementation. A cross-sectional survey. A self-report questionnaire was developed with reference to the Theoretical Domains Framework and administered to critical care nurses in 15 hospitals across eastern, southern, western, northern, and central geographical areas of China from 20 February 2023 to 16 March 2023. Data were collected for personal demographics, clinical practice status, and from Likert-type responses about barriers to and facilitators of implementing individualized repositioning frequency. In total, 574 effective questionnaires were collected. Only 3.8 % of respondents reported that their hospital/ward uses an individualized repositioning frequency rule. Six facilitator domains identified were: social/professional role and identity; beliefs about capabilities; optimism; beliefs about consequences; reinforcement; and intentions. Seven barrier domains were: knowledge; skills; goals; memory, attention and decision processes; environmental context and resources; social influences; and behavioral regulation. Inferential analysis showed that critical care nurses who had higher degrees, more years of work, more environmental support, and more nursing experience were prone to being more positive in response to the implementation of individualized repositioning frequency. The clinical practice status of implementing individualized repositioning frequency among critical care nurses in China is unsatisfactory. Implementation is essential but complex and is influenced by several factors. Theory-based suggestions for improving this situation are provided on the basis of identified barriers. • This is the first to present the practice and facilitators of, and barriers to, implementing individualized repositioning frequency. • Clinical practice status of implementing individualized repositioning frequency is unsatisfactory. • The TDF, was used to identify six facilitators of and seven barriers to implementing individualized repositioning frequency. • This study will inform theory-based intervention strategies to aid the implementation of individualized repositioning frequency.
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