Differentiation between atypical anorexia nervosa and anorexia nervosa using machine learning.

Objective: Body mass index (BMI) is the primary criterion differentiating anorexia nervosa (AN) and atypical anorexia nervosa despite prior literature indicating few differences between disorders. Machine learning (ML) classification provides us an efficient means of accurately distinguishing betwee...

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Publicado en:International Journal of Eating Disorders Vol. 57; no. 4; pp. 937 - 951
Autores principales: Sandoval‐Araujo, Luis E., Cusack, Claire E., Ralph‐Nearman, Christina, Glatt, Sofie, Han, Yuchen, Bryan, Jeffrey, Hooper, Madison A., Karem, Andrew, Levinson, Cheri A.
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Wiley-Blackwell Apr2024
Materias:
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      jtl: International Journal of Eating Disorders
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      dt: Apr2024
      vid: 57
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      pub: Wiley-Blackwell
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        176608701
        10.1002/eat.24160
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        atl: Differentiation between atypical anorexia nervosa and anorexia nervosa using machine learning.
      aug:
        au:
          Sandoval‐Araujo, Luis E.
          Cusack, Claire E.
          Ralph‐Nearman, Christina
          Glatt, Sofie
          Han, Yuchen
          Bryan, Jeffrey
          Hooper, Madison A.
          Karem, Andrew
          Levinson, Cheri A.
        affil:
          Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville Kentucky,, USA
          Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, University of Louisville, Louisville Kentucky,, USA
          Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville Tennessee,, USA
          Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville Kentucky,, USA
      su:
        Random forest algorithms
        Differential diagnosis
        Body mass index
        Research funding
        Receiver operating characteristic curves
        Questionnaires
        Logistic regression analysis
        Descriptive statistics
        Anorexia nervosa
        Computer-aided diagnosis
        Machine learning
        Decision trees
        Comparative studies
        Algorithms
        Sensitivity & specificity (Statistics)
        Comorbidity
        Evaluation
      sug:
        subj:
          Random forest algorithms
          Differential diagnosis
          Body mass index
          Research funding
          Receiver operating characteristic curves
          Questionnaires
          Logistic regression analysis
          Descriptive statistics
          Anorexia nervosa
          Computer-aided diagnosis
          Machine learning
          Decision trees
          Comparative studies
          Algorithms
          Sensitivity & specificity (Statistics)
          Comorbidity
          Evaluation
      keyword:
        anorexia nervosa
        atypical anorexia nervosa
        classification
        diagnosis
        eating disorders
        machine learning
        OSFED
        anorexia nervosa
        atypical anorexia nervosa
        classification
        diagnosis
        eating disorders
        machine learning
        OSFED
      ab: Objective: Body mass index (BMI) is the primary criterion differentiating anorexia nervosa (AN) and atypical anorexia nervosa despite prior literature indicating few differences between disorders. Machine learning (ML) classification provides us an efficient means of accurately distinguishing between two meaningful classes given any number of features. The aim of the present study was to determine if ML algorithms can accurately distinguish AN and atypical AN given an ensemble of features excluding BMI, and if not, if the inclusion of BMI enables ML to accurately classify between the two. Methods: Using an aggregate sample from seven studies consisting of individuals with AN and atypical AN who completed baseline questionnaires (N = 448), we used logistic regression, decision tree, and random forest ML classification models each trained on two datasets, one containing demographic, eating disorder, and comorbid features without BMI, and one retaining all features and BMI. Results: Model performance for all algorithms trained with BMI as a feature was deemed acceptable (mean accuracy = 74.98%, mean area under the receiving operating characteristics curve [AUC] = 74.75%), whereas model performance diminished without BMI (mean accuracy = 59.37%, mean AUC = 59.98%). Discussion: Model performance was acceptable, but not strong, if BMI was included as a feature; no other features meaningfully improved classification. When BMI was excluded, ML algorithms performed poorly at classifying cases of AN and atypical AN when considering other demographic and clinical characteristics. Results suggest a reconceptualization of atypical AN should be considered. Public Significance: There is a growing debate about the differences between anorexia nervosa and atypical anorexia nervosa as their diagnostic differentiation relies on BMI despite being similar otherwise. We aimed to see if machine learning could distinguish between the two disorders and found accurate classification only if BMI was used as a feature. This finding calls into question the need to differentiate between the two disorders.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
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