Mindreading Measures Misread? A Multimethod Investigation Into the Validity of Self-Report and Task-Based Approaches.
Mindreading ability—also referred to as cognitive empathy or mentalizing—is typically conceptualized as a relatively stable dimension of individual differences in the ability to make accurate inferences about the mental states of others. This construct is primarily assessed using self-report questio...
| Publicado en: | Psychological Assessment Vol. 36; no. 5; pp. 365 - 379 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
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American Psychological Association
May2024
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=176929741&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 176929741 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 10403590 POL jtl: Psychological Assessment issn: 10403590 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: May2024 vid: 36 iid: 5 pid: 34 pub: American Psychological Association artinfo: ui: 176929741 10.1037/pas0001310 ppf: 365 ppct: 14 formats: tig: atl: Mindreading Measures Misread? A Multimethod Investigation Into the Validity of Self-Report and Task-Based Approaches. aug: au: Wendt, Leon P. Zimmermann, Johannes Spitzer, Carsten Müller, Sascha affil: Department of Psychology, University of Kassel Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Rostock University Medical Center, University of Rostock su: Empathy Self-evaluation Task performance Cognition Descriptive statistics Structural equation modeling Research methodology Data analysis software Thought & thinking sug: subj: Empathy Self-evaluation Task performance Cognition Descriptive statistics Structural equation modeling Research methodology Data analysis software Thought & thinking keyword: cognitive empathy mentalizing self-report task performance validity cognitive empathy mentalizing self-report task performance validity ab: Mindreading ability—also referred to as cognitive empathy or mentalizing—is typically conceptualized as a relatively stable dimension of individual differences in the ability to make accurate inferences about the mental states of others. This construct is primarily assessed using self-report questionnaires and task-based performance measures. However, the validity of these measures has been questioned: According to rival interpretations, mindreading tasks may capture general cognitive ability, whereas mindreading self-reports may capture perceived rather than actual mindreading ability. In this preregistered multimethod study involving 700 participants from the U.S. general population, we tested the validity of mindreading measures by examining the nomological network of self-reports and task-based methods using structural equation modeling. Specifically, we contrasted the empirical associations with theoretical predictions that assume mindreading measures are valid versus invalid. More consistent with rival interpretations, mindreading tasks showed a negligible latent correlation with mindreading self-reports (.05) and a large one with general cognitive ability (.85), whereas mindreading self-reports were specifically associated with perceived performance in mindreading tasks (.29). Also more consistent with rival interpretations, neither mindreading self-reports nor task-based measures showed positive unique associations with psychosocial functioning when controlling for general cognitive ability and general positive self-evaluation. Instead, negative unique associations emerged for both methods, although this effect was not robust for tasks. Overall, the results cast doubt on the validity of commonly used mindreading measures and support their rival interpretations. Public Significance Statement: This study indicates that psychological tests designed to assess mindreading ability may lack validity in that mindreading tasks may largely capture general cognitive ability rather than specific mindreading ability, while self-report questionnaires on mindreading may primarily capture subjective self-perception. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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