| Sumario: | This article explores the concept of shu, or considerateness, in Confucian ethics. It compares the negative formulation of shu with the positive formulation of the golden rule in other cultural traditions and discusses different interpretations of the two formulations. The author argues that Confucius advocated two versions of the golden rule: the negative version of shu for interpersonal relations and the positive version of ren for self-cultivation. The article also examines the etymology and definition of shu, emphasizing its role as a common ethical principle for maintaining interpersonal relationships and social order. Additionally, the text discusses the concept of ren in Confucianism and its relationship with the concepts of zhong (loyalty) and shu (reciprocity). The author argues that while zhong and shu are important ethical principles for interpersonal relationships, they should not be equated with ren. Ren, or humaneness, is presented as a higher moral virtue that involves caring for and helping others. The author suggests that Confucius proposes two versions of the golden rule: a negative version using shu for general interpersonal relations, and a positive version using ren for individuals to cultivate themselves. Finally, the text discusses the interpretation of the concept of ren in Confucian philosophy. Scholars have often misunderstood ren as being synonymous with the practice of shu, which involves treating others as one would like to be treated. However, ren is actually about caring for and helping others as one cares for and helps oneself and one
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