Doping Prevalence among U.S. Elite Athletes Subject to Drug Testing under the World Anti-Doping Code.
Background: Determining the prevalence of doping within an elite athlete population is challenging due to the extreme sensitivity of the topic; however, understanding true doping prevalence is important when designing anti-doping programs and measuring their effectiveness. The objective of this stud...
| Publicado en: | Sports Medicine - Open Vol. 10; no. 1; pp. 1 - 12 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
| Formato: | research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Springer Nature
5/20/2024
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=177310583&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 177310583 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 21991170 HLUO jtl: Sports Medicine - Open issn: 21991170 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: 5/20/2024 vid: 10 iid: 1 pid: 237 pub: Springer Nature place: New York, New York artinfo: ui: 177310583 177310583 177310583 10.1186/s40798-024-00721-9 177310583 ppf: 1 ppct: 11 formats: tig: atl: Doping Prevalence among U.S. Elite Athletes Subject to Drug Testing under the World Anti-Doping Code. aug: au: Davoren, Ann Kearns Rulison, Kelly Milroy, Jeff Grist, Pauline Fedoruk, Matthew Lewis, Laura Wyrick, David affil: Prevention Strategies, Greensboro, NC, USA sug: subj: Substance Use Disorders Epidemiology Substance Abuse Detection Methods Doping in Sports United States Athletes, Elite Substance Use Disorders Risk Factors Risk Assessment Human Male Female United States Surveys Ergogenic Products Cannabinoids Diuretics Surface-Active Agents Gene Editing Chi Square Test Descriptive Statistics Funding Source Male Female ab: Background: Determining the prevalence of doping within an elite athlete population is challenging due to the extreme sensitivity of the topic; however, understanding true doping prevalence is important when designing anti-doping programs and measuring their effectiveness. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of doping among Olympic, Paralympic, World, and National-level competitive athletes in the United States subject to the World Anti-Doping Code. All athletes who were subject to the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency's Protocol for Olympic and Paralympic Movement Testing, a World Anti-Doping Code ("Code")-compliant anti-doping program, were invited to complete a web-delivered survey. Using a direct questioning approach, the survey items asked athletes whether they had used each specific category of banned substance / method on the World Anti-Doping Agency's Prohibited List. Multiple strategies to encourage honest reporting (e.g., protecting anonymity by collecting minimal demographic information; using an outside organization to administer the survey) and to detect inconsistent responses were used. Results: Depending on the method of calculation, 6.5–9.2% of the 1,398 respondents reported using one or more prohibited substances or methods in the 12 months prior to survey administration. Specific doping prevalence rates for each individual substance / method categories ranged from 0.1% (for both diuretics / masking agents and stem cell / gene editing) to 4.2% for in-competition use of cannabinoids. Conclusion: Determining the prevalence of doping within different athlete populations is critical so that sport governing bodies can evaluate their anti-doping efforts and better tailor their programming. By measuring doping prevalence of specific categories of substances and methods, rather than just the overall prevalence of doping, this study also highlights where sport governing bodies should focus their future educational and detection efforts. Key Points: Estimated doping prevalence among U.S. elite athletes ranged from 6.5 to 9.2%. The most prevalent category of doping was in-competition use of cannabinoids (at 4.2%), whereas the least prevalent categories of doping were diuretics or masking agents (0.1%), stem cell or gene editing (0.1%), narcotics (0.2%), and hormone and metabolic modulators (0.2%). Of the athletes who reported doping, most reported using only one substance or method. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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