Are Humans the Only Rational Animals?

While growing empirical evidence suggests a continuity between human and non-human psychology, many philosophers still think that only humans can act and form beliefs rationally. In this paper, we challenge this claim. We first clarify the notion of rationality. We then focus on the rationality of b...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Publicado en:Philosophical Quarterly Vol. 74; no. 3; pp. 844 - 865
Autores principales: Melis, Giacomo, Monsó, Susana
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Oxford University Press / USA Jul2024
Materias:
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
fields @attributes:
  recordID: 1
pdfLink:
plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hlh&AN=177680983&site=ehost-live
header:
  @attributes:
    shortDbName: hlh
    uiTerm: 177680983
    longDbName: Humanities International Complete
    uiTag: AN
  controlInfo:
    bkinfo:
    jinfo:
      jid:
        00318094
        PHQ
      jtl: Philosophical Quarterly
      issn: 00318094
      maglogo: N
    pubinfo:
      dt: Jul2024
      vid: 74
      iid: 3
      pid: 622
      pub: Oxford University Press / USA
    artinfo:
      ui:
        177680983
        10.1093/pq/pqad090
      ppf: 844
      ppct: 21
      formats:
        fmt:
          – @attributes:
              type: T
          – @attributes:
              type: P
              size: 523KB
      tig:
        atl: Are Humans the Only Rational Animals?
      aug:
        au:
          Melis, Giacomo
          Monsó, Susana
        affil:
          University of Stirling , UK
          Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia , Spain
          Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Austria
      su:
        Human-animal relationships
        Comparative psychology
        Theory of knowledge
        Belief & doubt
        Philosophers
      sug:
        subj:
          Human-animal relationships
          Comparative psychology
          Theory of knowledge
          Belief & doubt
          Philosophers
      keyword:
        belief revision
        comparative psychology
        defeaters
        epistemology
        non-human animals
        rationality
        responsiveness to reasons
      ab: While growing empirical evidence suggests a continuity between human and non-human psychology, many philosophers still think that only humans can act and form beliefs rationally. In this paper, we challenge this claim. We first clarify the notion of rationality. We then focus on the rationality of beliefs and argue that, in the relevant sense , humans are not the only rational animals. We do so by first distinguishing between unreflective and reflective responsiveness to epistemic reasons in belief formation and revision. We argue that unreflective responsiveness is clearly within the reach of many animals. We then defend that a key demonstration of reflective responsiveness would be the ability to respond to undermining defeaters. We end by presenting some empirical evidence that suggests that some animal species are capable of processing these defeaters, which would entail that even by the strictest standards, humans are not the only rational animals.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
    refInfo:
    copyright:
      @attributes:
        flag: Y
      custom: © 2019 Scots Philosophical Association and the University of St. Andrews.
      item: Philosophical Quarterly
      holder: Oxford University Press / USA
      dt:
        @attributes:
          year: 2024
    holdings:
      @attributes:
        islocal: N