Linear enamel hypoplasia in Homonaledi reappraised in light of new Retzius periodicities.
Objectives: Among low‐latitude apes, developmental defects of enamel often recur twice yearly, linkable to environmental cycles. Surprisingly, teeth of Homonaledi from Rising Star in South Africa (241–335 kya), a higher latitude site with today a single rainy season, also exhibit bimodally distribut...
| Publicado en: | American Journal of Biological Anthropology Vol. 184; no. 3; pp. 1 - 19 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , |
| Formato: | Artículo |
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Wiley-Blackwell
Jul2024
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=177962334&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 177962334 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 26927691 MYY3 jtl: American Journal of Biological Anthropology issn: 26927691 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Jul2024 vid: 184 iid: 3 pid: 480 pub: Wiley-Blackwell artinfo: ui: 177962334 10.1002/ajpa.24927 ppf: 1 ppct: 18 formats: tig: atl: Linear enamel hypoplasia in Homonaledi reappraised in light of new Retzius periodicities. aug: au: Skinner, Mark Fretson Delezene, Lucas Kyle Skinner, Matthew M. Mahoney, Patrick affil: Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby British Columbia,, Canada Department of Anthropology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Arkansas,, USA Centre for the Exploration of the Deep Human Journey, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany Skeletal Biology Research Centre, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK su: South Africa Ameloblasts Dental enamel Developmental defects of enamel Enamel & enameling Optical scanners Incisors sug: subj: South Africa Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing Computer Terminal and Other Computer Peripheral Equipment Manufacturing Ameloblasts Dental enamel Developmental defects of enamel Enamel & enameling Optical scanners Incisors keyword: developmental stress Middle Pleistocene ontogeny Rising Star seasonality developmental stress Middle Pleistocene ontogeny Rising Star seasonality ab: Objectives: Among low‐latitude apes, developmental defects of enamel often recur twice yearly, linkable to environmental cycles. Surprisingly, teeth of Homonaledi from Rising Star in South Africa (241–335 kya), a higher latitude site with today a single rainy season, also exhibit bimodally distributed hypoplastic enamel defects, but with uncertain timing and etiology. Newly determined Retzius periodicities for enamel formation in this taxon enable a reconstruction of the temporal patterning of childhood stress. Methods: Using high resolution casts of 31 isolated anterior teeth from H. naledi, 82 enamel defects (linear enamel hypoplasia [LEH]) were identified. Seventeen teeth are assigned to three individuals. Perikymata in the occlusal wall of enamel furrows and between the onsets of successive LEH were visualized with scanning electron microscopy and counted. Defects were measured with an optical scanner. Conversion of perikymata counts to estimates of LEH duration and inter‐LEH interval draws upon Retzius periodicities of 9 and 11 days. Results: Anterior teeth record more than a year of developmental distress, expressed as two asymmetric intervals centered on 4.5 and 7.5 months bounded by three LEH. Durations, also, show bimodal distributions, lasting 3 or 12 weeks. Short duration LEH are more severe than long duration. Relative incisor/canine rates of formation are indistinguishable from modern humans. Discussion: We invoke a disease and dearth model, with short episodes of distress reflecting onset of disease in young infants, lasting about 3 weeks, followed by a season of undernutrition, possibly intensified by secondary plant compounds, spanning about 12 weeks, inferably coincident with austral winter. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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