Data-driven profiles of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder using objective and ecological measures of attention, distractibility, and hyperactivity.
In the past two decades, the traditional nosology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been criticized for having insufficient discriminant validity. In line with current trends, in the present study, we combined a data-driven approach with the advantages of virtual reality aiming...
| Published in: | European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Vol. 33; no. 5; pp. 1451 - 1464 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
| Format: | research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Published: |
Springer Nature
May2024
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| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=178046257&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 178046257 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 10188827 EJ3 jtl: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry issn: 10188827 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: May2024 vid: 33 iid: 5 pid: 237 pub: Springer Nature place: New York, New York artinfo: ui: 178046257 178046257 178046257 10.1007/s00787-023-02250-4 178046257 ppf: 1451 ppct: 13 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Data-driven profiles of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder using objective and ecological measures of attention, distractibility, and hyperactivity. aug: au: Fernández-Martín, Pilar Rodríguez-Herrera, Rocío Cánovas, Rosa Díaz-Orueta, Unai Martínez de Salazar, Alma Flores, Pilar affil: https://ror.org/003d3xx08 Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Almeria, Carretera de Sacramento S/N, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120, Almería, Spain sug: subj: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Attention Impulsive Behavior Hyperkinesis Virtual Reality Disease Attributes Human Child Adolescence Neuropsychology T-Tests Cluster Analysis Child: 6-12 years Adolescent: 13-18 years ab: In the past two decades, the traditional nosology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been criticized for having insufficient discriminant validity. In line with current trends, in the present study, we combined a data-driven approach with the advantages of virtual reality aiming to identify novel behavioral profiles of ADHD based on ecological and performance-based measures of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. One hundred and ten Spanish-speaking participants (6–16 years) with ADHD (medication-naïve, n = 57) and typically developing participants (n = 53) completed AULA, a continuous performance test embedded in virtual reality. We performed hybrid hierarchical k-means clustering methods over the whole sample on the normalized t-scores of AULA main indices. A five-cluster structure was the most optimal solution. We did not replicate ADHD subtypes. Instead, we identified two clusters sharing clinical scores on attention indices, susceptibility to distraction, and head motor activity, but with opposing scores on mean reaction time and commission errors; two clusters with good performance; and one cluster with average scores but increased response variability and slow RT. DSM-5 subtypes cut across cluster profiles. Our results suggest that latency of response and response inhibition could serve to distinguish among ADHD subpopulations and guide neuropsychological interventions. Motor activity, in contrast, seems to be a common feature among ADHD subgroups. This study highlights the poor feasibility of categorical systems to parse ADHD heterogeneity and the added value of data-driven approaches and VR-based assessments to obtain an accurate characterization of cognitive functioning in individuals with and without ADHD. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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