| Sumario: | Background: Impulsivity plays an essential role in substance use disorder. Here we systemically investigated the features of multi-dimensional impulsivity in male individuals with heroin use disorder (HUD). Methods: Sixty-four male participants with HUD were recruited from Lanzhou Drug Rehabilitation Hospital, and sixty-one male healthy controls (HCs) were recruited from the local community. The groups were compared using measures of trait (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, BIS-11), motor (Two-choice Oddball Task, TCOT), and cognitive impulsivity (Iowa Gambling Task, IGT). The study also assessed the relationship between impulsivity measurements and clinical severity. Results: The BIS-11 score, TCOT response time and accuracy (ACC) cost were higher in participants with HUD than in HCs, whereas the total net score of IGT and TCOT ACC were lower in the former group. The ACC cost positively correlated with craving and daily dosage. The support vector machine successfully distinguished participants with HUD from HCs. K-fold cross-validation showed the prediction of craving by the three BIS sub-components. Conclusions: HUD was associated with changes in multi-dimensional impulsivity, differentiating participants with HUD from HCs and predicting clinical severity.
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