Pupil dilation reflects effortful action invigoration in overcoming aversive Pavlovian biases.
"Pavlovian" or "motivational" biases describe the phenomenon that the valence of prospective outcomes modulates action invigoration: Reward prospect invigorates action, whereas punishment prospect suppresses it. The adaptive role of these biases in decision-making is still unclear. One idea is that...
| Published in: | Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience Vol. 24; no. 4; pp. 720 - 740 |
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| Main Authors: | , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
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Springer Nature
Aug2024
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| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=178354195&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 178354195 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 15307026 NA4 jtl: Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience issn: 15307026 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Aug2024 vid: 24 iid: 4 pid: 237 pub: Springer Nature place: New York, New York artinfo: ui: 178354195 177368719 10.3758/s13415-024-01191-y 178354195 ppf: 720 ppct: 20 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Pupil dilation reflects effortful action invigoration in overcoming aversive Pavlovian biases. aug: au: Algermissen, Johannes den Ouden, Hanneke E. M. affil: Donders Institute for Brain, Radboud University, Cognition, and Behaviour, Thomas van Aquinostraat 4, 6526 GD, Nijmegen, The Netherlands sug: ab: "Pavlovian" or "motivational" biases describe the phenomenon that the valence of prospective outcomes modulates action invigoration: Reward prospect invigorates action, whereas punishment prospect suppresses it. The adaptive role of these biases in decision-making is still unclear. One idea is that they constitute a fast-and-frugal decision strategy in situations characterized by high arousal, e.g., in presence of a predator, which demand a quick response. In this pre-registered study (N = 35), we tested whether such a situation—induced via subliminally presented angry versus neutral faces—leads to increased reliance on Pavlovian biases. We measured trial-by-trial arousal by tracking pupil diameter while participants performed an orthogonalized Motivational Go/NoGo Task. Pavlovian biases were present in responses, reaction times, and even gaze, with lower gaze dispersion under aversive cues reflecting "freezing of gaze." The subliminally presented faces did not affect responses, reaction times, or pupil diameter, suggesting that the arousal manipulation was ineffective. However, pupil dilations reflected facets of bias suppression, specifically the physical (but not cognitive) effort needed to overcome aversive inhibition: Particularly strong and sustained dilations occurred when participants managed to perform Go responses to aversive cues. Conversely, no such dilations occurred when they managed to inhibit responses to Win cues. These results suggest that pupil diameter does not reflect response conflict per se nor the inhibition of prepotent responses, but specifically effortful action invigoration as needed to overcome aversive inhibition. We discuss our results in the context of the "value of work" theory of striatal dopamine. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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