Base Rates of Failure on Various Performance Validity Tests as a Function of Age in Adults Referred for Neuropsychological Assessment.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between age and base rates of failure (BR) on various performance validity tests (PVTs) administered in medical–legal settings. Archival data were analyzed from 3,297 adults (M = 42.3 years; M = 11.2) referred for psychological or neuropsychological a...

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Publicado en:Psychological Assessment Vol. 36; no. 8; pp. 505 - 512
Autores principales: Rai, Jaspreet K., Gervais, Roger O., Rodriguez, Nelson, Erdodi, Laszlo A.
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: American Psychological Association Aug2024
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Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Aug2024
      vid: 36
      iid: 8
      pid: 34
      pub: American Psychological Association
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        178657423
        10.1037/pas0001329
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        atl: Base Rates of Failure on Various Performance Validity Tests as a Function of Age in Adults Referred for Neuropsychological Assessment.
      aug:
        au:
          Rai, Jaspreet K.
          Gervais, Roger O.
          Rodriguez, Nelson
          Erdodi, Laszlo A.
        affil:
          Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
          Department of Psychology, Neuropsychology Track, University of Windsor
          Star UBB Institute, Babeș-Bolyai University
      su:
        Task performance
        Qualitative research
        Age distribution
        Retrospective studies
        Memory
        Malingering
        Fisher exact test
        Descriptive statistics
        Chi-squared test
        Neuropsychological tests
        Medical records
        Acquisition of data
      sug:
        subj:
          Task performance
          Qualitative research
          Age distribution
          Retrospective studies
          Memory
          Malingering
          Fisher exact test
          Descriptive statistics
          Chi-squared test
          Neuropsychological tests
          Medical records
          Acquisition of data
      keyword:
        effort
        malingering
        neuropsychological assessment
        performance validity
        effort
        malingering
        neuropsychological assessment
        performance validity
      ab: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between age and base rates of failure (BR) on various performance validity tests (PVTs) administered in medical–legal settings. Archival data were analyzed from 3,297 adults (M = 42.3 years; M = 11.2) referred for psychological or neuropsychological assessments in a medical–legal or forensic civil disability context who passed the Word Memory Test. BR on 10 PVTs (three freestanding and seven embedded) were reported at multiple cutoffs across five age groups ranging from 16 years to 69 years. BR increased with age on most embedded PVTs, with a couple of notable exceptions. Reliable Digit Span was unrelated to age at ≤6 but produced elevated BR among older examinees at ≤7. Within freestanding PVTs, a positive relationship emerged between age and BR on most instruments/cutoffs. Older age is associated with an increased risk of false positive errors on many embedded PVTs that rely on raw scores. Although freestanding PVTs tend to be more resistant to the effects of age, several commonly used cutoffs may still produce increased false positive rates in older examinees. Taken together, results suggest that PVT scores should be interpreted in the context of patient characteristics, in an evidence-based manner, rather than by rigidly applying omnibus cutoffs. Public Significance Statement: Older adults are at a higher risk for being misclassified as demonstrating invalid performance on certain instruments designed to detect noncredible responding. However, strategically selecting the tests and cutoffs can effectively mitigate this risk.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
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