Cognitive impairment in adolescent and adult-onset psychosis: a comparative study.

Background: Cognitive impairment presents in both adolescent-onset(ado-OP) and adult-onset psychosis(adu-OP). Age and neurodevelopmental factors likely contribute to cognitive differences. This study aimed to characterize cognitive functions in ado-OP compared to adu-OP in a clinical population with...

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Publicado en:Child & Adolescent Psychiatry & Mental Health Vol. 18; no. 1; pp. 1 - 12
Autores principales: Zhang, TianHong, Wei, YanYan, Tang, XiaoChen, Xu, LiHua, Cui, HuiRu, Hu, YeGang, Liu, HaiChun, Wang, ZiXuan, Chen, Tao, Li, ChunBo, Wang, JiJun
Formato: research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: BioMed Central 9/28/2024
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: 9/28/2024
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      pub: BioMed Central
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        atl: Cognitive impairment in adolescent and adult-onset psychosis: a comparative study.
      aug:
        au:
          Zhang, TianHong
          Wei, YanYan
          Tang, XiaoChen
          Xu, LiHua
          Cui, HuiRu
          Hu, YeGang
          Liu, HaiChun
          Wang, ZiXuan
          Chen, Tao
          Li, ChunBo
          Wang, JiJun
        affil: Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention (20DZ2253800), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders (No.13dz2260500), Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 600 Wanping Nan Road, 200030, Shanghai, China
      sug:
        subj:
          Cognition Disorders In Adolescence
          Psychotic Disorders In Adulthood
          Cognition Evaluation
          Age of Onset
          Human
          China
          Female
          Male
          Adolescence
          Adult
          Comparative Studies
          DSM
          Scales
          Structured Interview
          Psychological Tests
          Neuropsychological Tests
          Sociodemographic Factors
          Effect Size
          Neurosciences
          Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient
          Correlation Coefficient
          Logistic Regression
          Confidence Intervals
          Data Analysis Software
          Odds Ratio
          Descriptive Statistics
          Funding Source
          Adolescent: 13-18 years
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Female
          Male
      ab: Background: Cognitive impairment presents in both adolescent-onset(ado-OP) and adult-onset psychosis(adu-OP). Age and neurodevelopmental factors likely contribute to cognitive differences. This study aimed to characterize cognitive functions in ado-OP compared to adu-OP in a clinical population with drug-naive first-episode psychosis(FEP). Methods: A total of 788 drug-naive patients with FEP and 774 sex- and age-matched healthy controls(HCs) were included. Participants were divided into four groups by whether they were under or over 21 years of age: adolescent-onset FEP(ado-FEP, n = 380), adult-onset FEP(adu-FEP, n = 408), adolescent HC(ado-HC, n = 334), and adult HC(adu-HC, n = 440). Comprehensive cognitive assessments were performed using the MATRICS Cognitive Consensus Battery(MCCB), covers six cognitive domains: speed of processing, attention/vigilance, working memory, verbal learning, visual learning, reasoning, and problem-solving. Data analyses were conducted using correlation analyses and binary logistic regression. Results: The patterns of cognitive domain differences between ado-FEP and adu-FEP were found to be similar to those between ado-HC and adu-HC, whereas cognitive impairments appeared to be more pronounced in patients with adu-OP than ado-OP. The mazes subtest had the maximum effect size(ES) in the FEP(ES = 0.37) and HC(ES = 0.30) groups when comparing the adolescent and adult groups. Cognitive subtests were mostly significantly correlated with negative symptoms, especially for adolescents with FEP, in which all the subtests were significantly correlated with negative symptoms in the ado-FEP group. Better performance in the domains of spatial cognition and problem-solving abilities was more likely in the ado-FEP group than in the adu-FEP group. Conclusions: These findings suggest cognitive differences between adolescents and adults but similar patterns of affected domains in HCs and patients with FEP. Therefore, the development of targeted cognitive interventions tailored to the specific needs of different age groups appears warranted.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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