Executive function tests: Normative data for Spanish-speaking adults in the United States.
BACKGROUND: Normative data for Spanish-speaking populations, particularly Hispanics in the U.S., is notably scarce. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to establish normative data for executive function tests (Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and Stroop Color and Word Test) among Spanish-speaking Hispani...
| Publicado en: | NeuroRehabilitation Vol. 55; no. 2; pp. 209 - 222 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Formato: | equations & formulas research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Sage Publications Inc.
2024
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=180147989&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 180147989 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 10538135 3RE jtl: NeuroRehabilitation issn: 10538135 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: 2024 vid: 55 iid: 2 pid: 344 pub: Sage Publications Inc. place: Thousand Oaks, California artinfo: ui: 180147989 179423186 180147989 180147989 10.3233/NRE-240088 180147989 ppf: 209 ppct: 13 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Executive function tests: Normative data for Spanish-speaking adults in the United States. aug: au: Ramos Usuga, Daniela Rivera, Diego Xia, Bridget Carrión, Carmen I. Morel Valdés, Gloria M. Moreno, Oswaldo Rodriguez, Miriam J. Krch, Denise Wongserbchart, Wongthipa Drago, Christin I. García, Patricia Rivera, Patricia M. Olabarrieta-Landa, Laiene Perrin, Paul B. Arango-Lasprilla, Juan Carlos affil: Biomedical Research Doctorate Program, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain sug: subj: Hispanic Americans United States Spanish Language Executive Function Neuropsychological Tests Human Male Female Adolescence Adult Middle Age Aged Aged, 80 and Over United States Probability Regression Sociodemographic Factors Acculturation Cultural Diversity Funding Source Adolescent: 13-18 years Adult: 19-44 years Middle Aged: 45-64 years Aged: 65+ years Aged, 80 & over Male Female ab: BACKGROUND: Normative data for Spanish-speaking populations, particularly Hispanics in the U.S., is notably scarce. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to establish normative data for executive function tests (Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and Stroop Color and Word Test) among Spanish-speaking Hispanics in the U.S. METHODS: We assessed 245 individuals aged 18–80 from eight U.S. states (California, Connecticut, Florida, Indiana, New Jersey, Oregon, Virginia, and Wisconsin) and employed Bayesian regression to estimate norms, considering various sociodemographic factors influencing performance. RESULTS: The posterior distribution suggests a high probability that age impacts SCWT performance, with older adults likely to show greater declines, particularly among those with high proficiency in Spanish. The posterior distribution suggests a stronger effect of age on M-WCST performance among individuals with longer U.S. residency. Educational attainment demonstrates a robust positive impact on M-WCST outcomes, with lower levels of education associated with a higher probability of increased errors. An interaction between education and Spanish proficiency was observed, influencing SCWT scores differently across proficiency levels. Sex and acculturation levels interact to affect SCWT performance, with distinct patterns observed between men and women. This suggests that the impact of acculturation on cognitive test performance may vary by gender. CONCLUSION: Establishing culturally sensitive normative data can enhance accurate identification of executive dysfunction and reduce misdiagnosis risks. This study underscores the importance of considering sociocultural factors including acculturation and language proficiency in neuropsychological assessments to better serve diverse populations. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: equations & formulas research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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