Mapu’s Meliẓah, Auerbach’s Figura and Mendelsohn’s Sublime: Rhetoric and the Critique of Haskalah Ideology.

This article revisits the concept of meliẓah (eloquent language) and its significance in the development of Hebrew literary thought. The study begins with an analysis of meliẓah in the works of maskilim and scholars of Haskalah such as Euchel, Zederbaum, and Finer, who typically viewed meliẓah as a...

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Published in:Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies Vol. 42; no. 2; pp. 21 - 47
Main Author: Banbaji, Amir
Format: Literary Criticism
Published: Purdue University Press 2024
Subjects:
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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        atl: Mapu’s Meliẓah, Auerbach’s Figura and Mendelsohn’s Sublime: Rhetoric and the Critique of Haskalah Ideology.
      aug:
        au: Banbaji, Amir
      su:
        Hebrew literature
        Linguistic usage
        Haskalah
        Figures of speech
        Mendelssohn, Moses, 1729-1786
        Mapu, Abraham
        Social reality
        19th century (Literary period)
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          Hebrew literature
          Linguistic usage
          Haskalah
          Figures of speech
          Mendelssohn, Moses, 1729-1786
          Mapu, Abraham
          Social reality
          19th century (Literary period)
      keyword:
        Abraham Mapu
        aesthetics
        Erich Auerbach
        Hebrew literary theory
        Jewish Enlightenment
        Marxist literary theory
        meliẓah
        Moses Mendelssohn
      ab: This article revisits the concept of meliẓah (eloquent language) and its significance in the development of Hebrew literary thought. The study begins with an analysis of meliẓah in the works of maskilim and scholars of Haskalah such as Euchel, Zederbaum, and Finer, who typically viewed meliẓah as a derivative concept that serves a wider philosophical or historical framework. The main body of the article explores how maskilim used meliẓah and figurative language in ways that question the aesthetic affirmation of philosophical knowledge and challenge established views of historical continuity. Drawing from Erich Auerbach’s elaborate discussion of figurative speech, this study illustrates how Hebrew writers, including Moses Mendelssohn and Abraham Mapu, employed meliẓot not just to embellish already-accepted images of nature or history. In a manner akin to Auerbach’s figura, meliẓah highlights the evasive, transitory, and ideological aspects of literary mediations of history, leading to alternative mediations. The concluding sections focus on Abraham Mapu’s fictional portrayal of meliẓah, arguing it should not be read as an imitation of Alexander Pope’s concept of “wit.” Instead of portraying nature or history in their “methodized” version, I show how Mapu’s fiction deprives historical fiction of its rationalist and idealist aura. Rather than self-justifying images, Mapu’s meliẓot operate as rhetorical structures that summon up conflicted versions of social reality
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