What Is Salafism? An Intellectual History of Salafī Hermeneutics.

This article offers a reconceptualization of the movement that came to be known as Salafism in the twentieth century. Existing theories of Salafism seek to characterize it either as a modern sociological movement or a term denoting (neo-)Ḥanbalite belief. This article argues for a reconceptualizatio...

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Publicado en:Journal of Religion Vol. 104; no. 4; pp. 479 - 505
Autor principal: Islam, Jaan S.
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: University of Chicago Press Oct2024
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Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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        atl: What Is Salafism? An Intellectual History of Salafī Hermeneutics.
      aug:
        au: Islam, Jaan S.
        affil: University of Oxford
      su:
        Salafīyah
        Intellectual history
        Hermeneutics
        New words
        Islamic sects
      sug:
        subj:
          Salafīyah
          Intellectual history
          Hermeneutics
          New words
          Islamic sects
      ab: This article offers a reconceptualization of the movement that came to be known as Salafism in the twentieth century. Existing theories of Salafism seek to characterize it either as a modern sociological movement or a term denoting (neo-)Ḥanbalite belief. This article argues for a reconceptualization of Salafism as a hermeneutical stance grounded in an explicit affirmation of the text in the absence of a countervailing indication (qarīna). While the abstract noun "Salafism" (salafiyya) is a neologism, it is argued that its antecedents derived from its root word previously denoted a claim space for religious authenticity in the form of the literal interpretation of scripture. An analysis of these related terms from the fourth century AH/tenth century CE onward reveals the use of the concept to denote the literal affirmation, belief, and implementation of Qurʾanic verses and prophetic traditions. Furthermore, an analysis of these terms by contemporary Salafīs shows that they too define Salafism as an affirmation of this hermeneutical stance. This study comprehensively traces the historical usage of the term Salafī and its derivations, which it is argued remains central to understanding contemporary Salafism. The findings of this article also inform debates concerning what constitutes Islamic meaning creation, including Asad's conception of Islam as a discursive tradition and Shahab Ahmed's classification of interpretive complexes. It argues that Salafism constitutes a hermeneutical complex that pervades Islamic meaning construction across spatial and temporal boundaries.
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