Regulating deepfakes between Lex Lata and Lex ferenda—a comparative analysis of regulatory approaches in the U.S., the EU and China.

Deepfake, which uses artificial intelligence to create highly realistic but false content, can spread rapidly through the Internet, causing damage to both individual rights and social interests. In response, the United States, the European Union, and China have taken the application scenario, life c...

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Publicado en:Crime, Law & Social Change Vol. 83; no. 1; pp. 1 - 24
Autores principales: Zheng, Guan, Shu, Jinchun, Li, Kaigeng
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Springer Nature Jun2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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        atl: Regulating deepfakes between Lex Lata and Lex ferenda—a comparative analysis of regulatory approaches in the U.S., the EU and China.
      aug:
        au:
          Zheng, Guan
          Shu, Jinchun
          Li, Kaigeng
        affil:
          https://ror.org/00a2xv884 Guanghua Law School, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
          https://ror.org/0190ak572 School of Law, New York University, New York, NY, USA
          School of Media and Law, NingboTech University, Ningbo, China
      su:
        Artificial intelligence
        Digital technology
        Life cycles (Biology)
        Deepfakes
        Technological risk assessment
      sug:
        subj:
          Artificial intelligence
          Digital technology
          Life cycles (Biology)
          Deepfakes
          Technological risk assessment
      keyword:
        Deepfake
        Digital ecosystem
        Information literacy
        Law and Legal Studies Law
        Platform regulation
        Regulatory paradigms
        Deepfake
        Digital ecosystem
        Information literacy
        Law and Legal Studies Law
        Platform regulation
        Regulatory paradigms
      ab: Deepfake, which uses artificial intelligence to create highly realistic but false content, can spread rapidly through the Internet, causing damage to both individual rights and social interests. In response, the United States, the European Union, and China have taken the application scenario, life cycle, and responsible subjects of deepfake as the regulatory focus point, thus forming three different regulatory paradigms. The United States adopts an application-based regulatory paradigm, primarily focusing on the use of deepfakes in elections and pornography. The European Union regulates deepfake at different phases through multiple laws and regulations, presenting a life cycle-based regulatory paradigm. China takes the service provider of deepfakes as the subject of regulation and requires it to bear a series of responsibilities, forming a subject-based regulatory paradigm. While these three paradigms deter and mitigate illegal deepfake activities to some extent, they have inherent limitations. From the perspective of the digital ecosystem, current regulation only focuses on content producers, service providers, and distribution platforms but overlooks the significant role of the deepfake audience. By improving the information literacy of the audience, it is possible to enable the audience to effectively identify deepfakes, curtail the spread of harmful and illegal deepfakes, and minimize their impact on victims, thus striking a balance between reducing risk and promoting technological development.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
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