Legacy of Racism and Firearm Violence During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States.
Objectives. To examine whether, through interactions with preexisting socioeconomic status vulnerabilities, the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated exposure to firearm violence among communities with a legacy of redlining (i.e., grading the creditworthiness of neighborhoods based on their sociodemographic...
| Published in: | American Journal of Public Health Vol. 115; no. 2; pp. 161 - 170 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
| Format: | Article |
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American Public Health Association
Feb2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=182123822&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 182123822 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 00900036 APH jtl: American Journal of Public Health issn: 00900036 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Feb2025 vid: 115 iid: 2 pid: 44 pub: American Public Health Association artinfo: ui: 182123822 10.2105/AJPH.2024.307891 ppf: 161 ppct: 9 formats: tig: atl: Legacy of Racism and Firearm Violence During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States. aug: au: Hans, Zainab Lee, Daniel B. Zimmerman, Marc A. Wiebe, Douglas J. su: United States Socioeconomic factors Racism Corporations COVID-19 pandemic Social classes Poverty Educational attainment Research funding Mortgages Descriptive statistics Confidence intervals Shootings (Crime) Neighborhood characteristics sug: subj: Socioeconomic factors Racism Corporations COVID-19 pandemic Social classes Poverty Educational attainment United States Real Estate Credit Mortgage funds Research funding Mortgages Descriptive statistics Confidence intervals Shootings (Crime) Neighborhood characteristics ab: Objectives. To examine whether, through interactions with preexisting socioeconomic status vulnerabilities, the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated exposure to firearm violence among communities with a legacy of redlining (i.e., grading the creditworthiness of neighborhoods based on their sociodemographic composition). Methods. We used an exogenous population threshold whereby the Home Owners Loan Corporation graded neighborhoods only in US cities with populations of more than 40 000 and used a difference-in-difference strategy to examine the evolution of fatal firearm incidents between 2017 and October 2022. Results. After the COVID-19 pandemic began, fatal firearm violence increased significantly in low-graded neighborhoods that the Home Owners Loan Corporation had deemed risky for mortgage lending. The effect held consistently across various model specifications. Conclusions. Social and environmental constructs can interact in a complex manner to compound disadvantage and exacerbate the consequences of negative shocks for marginalized communities. Public Health Implications. Home Owners Loan Corporation policies contributed to widening racial disparities in firearm violence, highlighting the need for reinvestment in marginalized communities to keep future shocks from exacerbating vulnerability to adverse outcomes. (Am J Public Health. 2025;115(2):161–169. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307891) pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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