Physical activity and the outcome of cognitive trajectory: a machine learning approach.

Background: Physical activity (PA) may have an impact on cognitive function. Machine learning (ML) techniques are increasingly used in dementia research, e.g., for diagnosis and risk stratification. Less is known about the value of ML for predicting cognitive decline in people with dementia (PwD). T...

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Publicado en:European Review of Aging & Physical Activity Vol. 22; no. 1; pp. 1 - 14
Autores principales: Barisch-Fritz, Bettina, Shah, Jay, Krafft, Jelena, Geda, Yonas E., Wu, Teresa, Woll, Alexander, Krell-Roesch, Janina
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: BioMed Central 1/10/2025
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Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: 1/10/2025
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      pub: BioMed Central
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        10.1186/s11556-024-00367-2
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        atl: Physical activity and the outcome of cognitive trajectory: a machine learning approach.
      aug:
        au:
          Barisch-Fritz, Bettina
          Shah, Jay
          Krafft, Jelena
          Geda, Yonas E.
          Wu, Teresa
          Woll, Alexander
          Krell-Roesch, Janina
        affil:
          https://ror.org/04t3en479 Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
          https://ror.org/03efmqc40 Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
          https://ror.org/01fwrsq33 Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, USA
      su:
        Medical sciences
        Artificial intelligence
        Mental health
        Machine learning
        Cognitive psychology
      sug:
        subj:
          Medical sciences
          Artificial intelligence
          Mental health
          Offices of Mental Health Practitioners (except Physicians)
          Machine learning
          Cognitive psychology
      keyword:
        Alzheimer's disease
        Artificial intelligence analysis
        Cognitive deterioration
        Neurodegenerative diseases
        Physical activity interventions
        Psychology and Cognitive Sciences Psychology Medical and Health Sciences Public Health and Health Services
        Alzheimer's disease
        Artificial intelligence analysis
        Cognitive deterioration
        Neurodegenerative diseases
        Physical activity interventions
        Psychology and Cognitive Sciences Psychology Medical and Health Sciences Public Health and Health Services
      ab: Background: Physical activity (PA) may have an impact on cognitive function. Machine learning (ML) techniques are increasingly used in dementia research, e.g., for diagnosis and risk stratification. Less is known about the value of ML for predicting cognitive decline in people with dementia (PwD). The aim of this study was to use an ML approach to identify variables associated with a multimodal PA intervention that may impact cognitive changes in PwD, i.e., by distinguishing between cognitive decliners and non-decliners. Methods: This is a secondary, exploratory analysis using data from a Randomized Controlled Trial that included a 16-week multimodal PA intervention for the intervention group (IG) and treatment as usual for the control group (CG) in nursing homes. Predictors included in the ML models were related to the intervention (e.g., adherence), physical performance (e.g., mobility, balance), and pertinent health-related variables (e.g., health status, dementia form and severity). Primary outcomes were global and domain-specific cognitive performance (i.e., attention/ executive function, language, visuospatial skills, memory) assessed by standardized tests. A Support Vector Machine model was used to perform the classification of each primary outcome into the two classes of decline and non-decline. GridSearchCV with fivefold cross-validation was used for model training, and area under the ROC curve (AUC) and accuracy were calculated to assess model performance. Results: The study sample consisted of 319 PwD (IG, N = 161; CG, N = 158). The proportion of PwD experiencing cognitive decline, in the different domains measured, ranged from 27–48% in CG, and from 23–49% in IG, with no statistically significant differences and no time*group effects. ML models showed accuracy and AUC values ranging from 40.6–75.6. The strongest predictors of cognitive decline or non-decline were performance of activities of daily living in IG and CG, and adherence and mobility in IG. Conclusions: ML models showed moderate performance, suggesting that the selected variables only had limited value for classification, with adherence and performance of activities of daily living appearing to be predictors of cognitive decline. While the study provides preliminary evidence of the potential use of ML approaches, larger studies are needed to confirm our observations and to include other variables in the prediction of cognitive decline, such as emotional health or biomarker abnormalities.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
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