Cahiliye Döneminde Şiirle Geçim Sağlama.
The phenomenon of profiting from poetry is closely linked to authority, politics, and money. Since ancient times, poets have resorted to this practice by praising kings, princes, caliphs, the wealthy, and those in high status. Through their poetry, they promoted the policies of some, attributed qual...
| Publicado en: | Nüsha Vol. 24; no. 59; pp. 231 - 250 |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Artículo |
| Publicado: |
Oku Anonim Sirketi
haz-ara2024
|
| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hlh&AN=182894802&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: hlh uiTerm: 182894802 longDbName: Humanities International Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 13030752 MG2S jtl: Nüsha issn: 13030752 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: haz-ara2024 vid: 24 iid: 59 pid: 57430 pub: Oku Anonim Sirketi artinfo: ui: 182894802 10.32330/nusha.1515890 ppf: 231 ppct: 19 formats: tig: atl: Cahiliye Döneminde Şiirle Geçim Sağlama. aug: au: Almavas, Mustafa affil: Dr. Öğr. Üyesi. Kırıkkale Üniversitesi, İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi, Arapça Mütercim ve Tercümanlık Bölümü su: Class differences Social impact Cultural history Children's books Poetry (Literary form) sug: subj: Class differences Social impact Cultural history Children's books Poetry (Literary form) keyword: Criticism Era Poetry Pre-Islamic Profiting Şiir Cahiliye Criticism Dönem Eleştiri Era Geçim sağlama Poetry Pre-Islamic Profiting Şiir Cahiliye Dönem Eleştiri Geçim sağlama ab: The phenomenon of profiting from poetry is closely linked to authority, politics, and money. Since ancient times, poets have resorted to this practice by praising kings, princes, caliphs, the wealthy, and those in high status. Through their poetry, they promoted the policies of some, attributed qualities to others, elevated the status of some, and diminished the status of their rivals. In this way, poets who sought profit became like media platforms for those they praised. Moreover, profiting from poetry is considered as a means of achieving wealth and reaching the courts of kings and princes. Poets pursued every avenue for this purpose, begging and pleading with their patrons, even if it required them to compromise their dignity or attribute qualities to the patron that they did not possess. On the other hand, those who were praised by the poets bestowed upon them wealth, status, and power, allowing some poets to live under the patronage of kings, becoming integral to their policies. To understand the reasons behind the phenomenon of profiting from poetry, compromising dignity, and why poets resorted to this practice, the social life that experienced by poets and the class differences between the poet and the patron should be considered. Additionally, the scarcity of livelihood resources, relying on herding and hunting, pushed poets to seek alternative means of income to ensure a comfortable life. Some poets turned their poetry into a profession for profit, like Al-A'sha, who did not leave a king or a renowned leader across the Arabian Peninsula without approaching, praising, and magnifying them, often asking for favors. This pursuit of profit led him to refrain from praising the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) after he was enticed with money, if the narration is accurate. However, the stance of critics on this phenomenon was not overlooked. They became aware of it early on, and it was present in their minds as they evaluated poetry and judged poets based on their works. Ibn Rashiq al- Qayrawani, for instance, dedicated a specific chapter in his book "Al-Umda" titled "The Chapter on Profiting from Poetry." In this chapter, he clearly expressed his negative stance, stating that Arabs do not profit from poetry, attributing this to religious and social reasons. Abu Amr ibn al-Alaa also believed that profiting from poetry lowers the poet's value and status, as was the case with Al-A'sha. Conversely, some critics held a positive view of the phenomenon, considering the rewards that poets recieve from their patrons as incentives that encourage them to produce their best poetry. This is an analytical study of the art of profiting from poetry, if the term may be used. It presents the importance and objectives of the topic, beginning with an overview of the development of poetry throughout history and identifying the cultural and social impact of poetry in pre-Islamic society. Then, it moves on to define the concept of profiting from poetry and its connection to poetic purposes, especially praise, as well as the critics' stance on this phenomenon, highlighting their division into supporters and opponents. Additionally, it covers the definition of profiting in both linguistic and terminological terms, and identifies poets who profited from their poetry in the pre-Islamic era, notably Al-Nabigha, Al-A'sha, and Al-Musayyib ibn Al-Alys, presenting examples of their poems through which they earned their livelihood. This is to showcase a model of poetry used for profit first, and the positive impact of their poetry second, which can be classified under the category of advertising or marketing. The study concludes with a summary of the main findings and recommendations. Şiirle geçim sağlama olgusu, otorite, siyaset ve para ile yakından ilişkilidir. Şairler, kralları, prensleri, halifeleri, zenginleri ve iktidar sahiplerini övmek suretiyle bu olguya çok eski zamanlardan beri başvurmuşlardır. Şiirle geçim sağlama olgusu, zenginlik elde etmenin ve kralların saraylarına ulaşmanın bir yolu olarak görülmüştür. Şairler; bazen yüzsuyu dökmek veya övdükleri kişiye sahip olmadığı nitelikler atfetmek zorunda kalsalar bile bu amaçla her türlü yolu denemiş, övdükleri kişilere yalvarmışlardır. Karşılığında övülen kişi, öven kişiye para, makam ve otorite bağışlamıştır. Bazı şairlerin şiirlerini geçim sağlama mesleği haline getirdiğini görebiliriz. Örneğin, A'şa, Arabistan'ın dört bir yanındaki kralları ve ünlü liderleri ziyaret edip onları övmüş ve bunun karşılığında yardım talep etmiştir. Peygamber sağlama olgusu, eğer doğruysa, ona para teklif edilmesinden sonra peygamber Hz. Muhammed'i (SAV) övmekten vazgeçmesine neden olmuştur. Bu, tabiri caizse, şiirle geçim sağlama sanatına dair analitik bir araştırmadır. Şiirin tarih boyunca gelişimine genel bir bakışla başlayarak konunun önem ve hedeflerini ortaya koyuyor ve Cahiliye dönemi toplumunda şiirin kültürel ve sosyal etkisini belirtiyoruz. Daha sonra, şiirle geçim sağlama kavramını ve özellikle methiye olmak üzere şiirsel amaçlarla olan bağlantısını tanımlıyoruz. Eleştirmenlerin bu olguya bakış açılarını ve olumlu ile olumsuz olarak ikiye ayrılmalarını tartışıyoruz. Ayrıca, dil ve terim olarak geçim sağlama tanımına ve Cahiliye döneminde şiirleriyle geçim sağlayan şairlere, özellikle en önemli olanlara; Nabiğa, A'şa ve Müseyyeb bin Ules'e odaklanıyoruz. Şiirlerinden geçim sağladıkları örnekleri sunarak, ilk olarak kazanç elde etmek için kullanılan şiir örneklerini ve ikinci olarak, şiirlerinin olumlu etkisini inceliyoruz. Bu şiirler, tanıtma kategorisinde değerlendirilebilir. Araştırmamız, sonuçlar ve öneriler içeren bir sonuç bölümüyle sona ermektedir pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: Arabic refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: Y dt: @attributes: year: 2024 holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
|---|