C-Agree is local subject-verb agreement in Kipsigis.

Upwards-oriented complementizer agreement raises questions about the directionality and locality of agreement. Based on novel data from original fieldwork, we argue that what has been described as an agreeing 'say'-based complementizer in Kipsigis (Diercks and Rao 2019; Diercks et al. 2020) is the l...

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Published in:Natural Language & Linguistic Theory Vol. 43; no. 1; pp. 223 - 273
Main Authors: Driemel, Imke, Kouneli, Maria
Format: Article
Published: Springer Nature Feb2025
Subjects:
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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        10.1007/s11049-024-09622-8
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        atl: C-Agree is local subject-verb agreement in Kipsigis.
      aug:
        au:
          Driemel, Imke
          Kouneli, Maria
        affil:
          https://ror.org/04m01e293 Department of Language and Linguistic Science, University of York, YO10 5DD, York, UK
          https://ror.org/05vt9qd57 Department of Linguistics, Rutgers University, 18 Seminary Pl, 08901, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
      su:
        Agreement (Grammar)
        Semantics
        Verbs
        Attitude (Psychology)
        Field research
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        subj:
          Agreement (Grammar)
          Semantics
          Verbs
          Attitude (Psychology)
          Field research
      keyword:
        'Say'-based complementizers
        Attitude semantics
        Complementation
        Complementizer agreement
        Kipsigis
        Nilotic
      ab: Upwards-oriented complementizer agreement raises questions about the directionality and locality of agreement. Based on novel data from original fieldwork, we argue that what has been described as an agreeing 'say'-based complementizer in Kipsigis (Diercks and Rao 2019; Diercks et al. 2020) is the lexical verb 'say,' and what looks like C-Agree is in fact agreement between this verb and its locally introduced (often covert) subject. Our analysis highlights that 'say'-based complementizers might be of category V, not C, in more languages than previously thought (Koopman 1984; Major 2021), which means that some instances of what has been described as C-Agree may instantiate standard verbal agreement. Furthermore, we provide a semantic analysis of 'say'-based complementation in Kipsigis along the lines of contentful eventualities (Hacquard 2006; Kratzer 2013a).
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
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    language: English
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