Large Language Models' Responses to Spinal Cord Injury: A Comparative Study of Performance.

With the increasing application of large language models (LLMs) in the medical field, their potential in patient education and clinical decision support is becoming increasingly prominent. Given the complex pathogenesis, diverse treatment options, and lengthy rehabilitation periods of spinal cord in...

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Publicado en:Journal of Medical Systems Vol. 49; no. 1; pp. 1 - 15
Autores principales: Li, Jinze, Chang, Chao, Li, Yanqiu, Cui, Shengyu, Yuan, Fan, Li, Zhuojun, Wang, Xinyu, Li, Kang, Feng, Yuxin, Wang, Zuowei, Wei, Zhijian, Jian, Fengzeng
Formato: research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Springer Nature 3/25/2025
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      place: New York, New York
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        atl: Large Language Models' Responses to Spinal Cord Injury: A Comparative Study of Performance.
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          Li, Jinze
          Chang, Chao
          Li, Yanqiu
          Cui, Shengyu
          Yuan, Fan
          Li, Zhuojun
          Wang, Xinyu
          Li, Kang
          Feng, Yuxin
          Wang, Zuowei
          Wei, Zhijian
          Jian, Fengzeng
        affil: https://ror.org/013xs5b60 Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, 100053, Beijing, China
      sug:
        subj:
          Natural Language Processing
          Artificial Intelligence, Generative
          Spinal Cord Injuries Pathology
          Spinal Cord Injuries Risk Factors
          Disease Attributes
          Spinal Cord Injuries Diagnosis
          Spinal Cord Injuries Therapy
          Spinal Cord Injuries Prognosis
          Funding Source
          Human
          Descriptive Statistics
          Data Analysis Software
          T-Tests
          Kruskal-Wallis Test
          Post Hoc Analysis
          Comparative Studies
          Patient Education
          Decision Making, Clinical
      ab: With the increasing application of large language models (LLMs) in the medical field, their potential in patient education and clinical decision support is becoming increasingly prominent. Given the complex pathogenesis, diverse treatment options, and lengthy rehabilitation periods of spinal cord injury (SCI), patients are increasingly turning to advanced online resources to obtain relevant medical information. This study analyzed responses from four LLMs—ChatGPT-4o, Claude-3.5 sonnet, Gemini-1.5 Pro, and Llama-3.1—to 37 SCI-related questions spanning pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical features, diagnostics, treatments, and prognosis. Quality and readability were assessed using the Ensuring Quality Information for Patients (EQIP) tool and Flesch-Kincaid metrics, respectively. Accuracy was independently scored by three senior spine surgeons using consensus scoring. Performance varied among the models. Gemini ranked highest in EQIP scores, suggesting superior information quality. Although the readability of all four LLMs was generally low, requiring a college-level reading comprehension ability, they were all able to effectively simplify complex content. Notably, ChatGPT led in accuracy, achieving significantly higher "Good" ratings (83.8%) compared to Claude (78.4%), Gemini (54.1%), and Llama (62.2%). Comprehensiveness scores were high across all models. Furthermore, the LLMs exhibited strong self-correction abilities. After being prompted for revision, the accuracy of ChatGPT and Claude's responses improved by 100% and 50%, respectively; both Gemini and Llama improved by 67%. This study represents the first systematic comparison of leading LLMs in the context of SCI. While Gemini excelled in response quality, ChatGPT provided the most accurate and comprehensive responses.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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