Separable effects for adherence.

Comparing different medications is complicated when adherence to these medications differs. We can overcome the adherence issue by assessing effectiveness under sustained use, as in usual causal "per-protocol" estimands. However, when sustained use is challenging to satisfy in practice, the usefulne...

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Publicado en:American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 194; no. 4; pp. 1122 - 1131
Autores principales: Wanis, Kerollos Nashat, Stensrud, Mats Julius, Sarvet, Aaron Leor
Formato: equations & formulas tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Oxford University Press / USA Apr2025
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Apr2025
      vid: 194
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      pub: Oxford University Press / USA
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        atl: Separable effects for adherence.
      aug:
        au:
          Wanis, Kerollos Nashat
          Stensrud, Mats Julius
          Sarvet, Aaron Leor
        affil: Department of Breast Surgical Oncology and Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States
      sug:
        subj:
          Medication Compliance
          Causal Attribution
          Epidemiology
          Models, Statistical
          Algorithms
          Treatment Outcomes
          Pharmacy and Pharmacology
          Study Design
          Health Services Research
      ab: Comparing different medications is complicated when adherence to these medications differs. We can overcome the adherence issue by assessing effectiveness under sustained use, as in usual causal "per-protocol" estimands. However, when sustained use is challenging to satisfy in practice, the usefulness of these estimands can be limited. Here we propose a different class of estimands: separable effects for adherence. These estimands compare modified medications, holding fixed a component responsible for nonadherence. Under assumptions about treatment components' mechanisms of effect, a separable effects estimand can quantify the effectiveness of medication initiation strategies on an outcome of interest under the adherence mechanism of one of the medications. These assumptions are amenable to interrogation by subject-matter experts and can be evaluated using causal graphs. We describe an algorithm for constructing causal graphs for separable effects, illustrate how these graphs can be used to reason about assumptions required for identification, and provide semi-parametric weighted estimators. This article is part of a Special Collection on Pharmacoepidemiology.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        equations & formulas
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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