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Recent prevalence and trends of obesity and metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) among US adolescents: 1999 to 2020.

Summary: Background: Metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously known as non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is understudied among US adolescents despite rising obesity rates. Methods: This study analysed the prevalence and trends of obesity and MASLD among U...

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Published in:Pediatric Obesity Vol. 20; no. 5; pp. 1 - 9
Main Authors: Sun, Michael, Sun, Hongbing
Format: research tables/charts Journal Article
Published: Wiley-Blackwell May2025
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      dt: May2025
      vid: 20
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      pub: Wiley-Blackwell
      place: Malden, Massachusetts
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      tig:
        atl: Recent prevalence and trends of obesity and metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) among US adolescents: 1999 to 2020.
      aug:
        au:
          Sun, Michael
          Sun, Hongbing
        affil: Department of Pediatrics, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington Delaware,, USA
      sug:
        subj:
          Pediatric Obesity Epidemiology
          Pediatric Obesity Trends
          Metabolic Syndrome X Complications
          Fatty Liver Risk Factors
          Risk Assessment
          Fatty Liver Epidemiology
          Fatty Liver Trends
          United States
          Human
          Child
          Adolescence
          Prevalence
          Health Status Indicators
          Male
          Female
          Mexican Americans
          Body Weight
          Waist Circumference
          Triglycerides Blood
          Alanine Aminotransferase Blood
          Lipoproteins, HDL Cholesterol Blood
          Fibrosis Risk Factors
          Sedentary Behavior
          Eating Behavior
          Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Risk Factors
          Linear Regression
          Models, Statistical
          Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient
          Odds Ratio
          Confidence Intervals
          Multiple Regression
          ROC Curve
          Metabolic Syndrome X Risk Factors
          Severity of Illness
          Child: 6-12 years
          Adolescent: 13-18 years
          Male
          Female
      ab: Summary: Background: Metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously known as non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is understudied among US adolescents despite rising obesity rates. Methods: This study analysed the prevalence and trends of obesity and MASLD among US adolescents aged 12–17 using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We developed a new screening model utilizing FibroScan‐measured controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) scores, body measurements and blood chemistry data from 2017 to 2020 to assist in analysing MASLD trends from 1999 to 2020. Results: Between 2017 and 2020, the prevalence of obesity and MASLD was approximately 20%, with about 70% of obese adolescents affected by MASLD. The condition was more common in boys, particularly among Mexican American adolescents. Additionally, 97.2% of those with NAFLD also had MASLD. Adolescents with MASLD had significantly higher body weight, waist circumference, triglyceride levels and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, along with lower high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and an increased risk of liver fibrosis. Insufficient physical activity and poor diet quality were key risk factors for developing MASLD. From 1999 to 2020, the prevalence of MASLD rose significantly, paralleling the increasing rates of obesity. Conclusions: The study underscores the pressing need to screen at‐risk adolescents for metabolic issues associated with steatotic liver diseases, given the rising obesity rates among adolescents. The high overlap between MASLD and NAFLD diagnoses indicates that the transition from NAFLD to MASLD can be effectively integrated into paediatric practice.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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