Children's Facial Emotional Expressions to Gender-Nonconforming Hypothetical Peers.
Prior studies suggested that children's appraisals of gender-nonconforming, compared with gender-conforming, peers are less positive, particularly for gender-nonconforming boys. To gauge appraisals, most prior studies used verbal reports, which provide explicit measures. In contrast, the current stu...
| Published in: | Archives of Sexual Behavior Vol. 54; no. 4; pp. 1361 - 1374 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Article |
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Springer Nature
Apr2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=184626660&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 184626660 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 00040002 ASX jtl: Archives of Sexual Behavior issn: 00040002 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Apr2025 vid: 54 iid: 4 pid: 237 pub: Springer Nature artinfo: ui: 184626660 10.1007/s10508-025-03113-6 ppf: 1361 ppct: 13 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P size: 870KB tig: atl: Children's Facial Emotional Expressions to Gender-Nonconforming Hypothetical Peers. aug: au: Kwan, Karen Man Wa Isani, Simran James, Haley J. Nabbijohn, A. Natisha MacMullin, Laura N. Shi, Sylvia Yun Poon, Bill Hung Piu Peragine, Diana E. Wong, Wang Ivy VanderLaan, Doug P. affil: https://ror.org/0030zas98 Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong https://ror.org/03dbr7087 Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, L5L 1C6, Mississauga, ON, Canada https://ror.org/01r7awg59 Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada https://ror.org/0217hb928 Department of Psychology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, USA https://ror.org/00t33hh48 Gender Studies Programme and Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong Independent Researcher, Kowloon, Hong Kong https://ror.org/03e71c577 Child and Youth Psychiatry, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada su: Children Facial expression Self-expression Peers Gender nonconformity sug: subj: Children Facial expression Self-expression Peers Gender nonconformity keyword: Emotion Facial expressions Peer appraisal Psychology and Cognitive Sciences Psychology Emotion Facial expressions Peer appraisal Psychology and Cognitive Sciences Psychology ab: Prior studies suggested that children's appraisals of gender-nonconforming, compared with gender-conforming, peers are less positive, particularly for gender-nonconforming boys. To gauge appraisals, most prior studies used verbal reports, which provide explicit measures. In contrast, the current study explored facial emotional expressions, which can potentially be an objective and implicit measure to inform the emotional component of appraisals. We examined 4-, 5-, 8-, and 9-year-olds in Hong Kong (n = 309) and Canada (n = 296) (N = 605; 303 boys, 302 girls). Children's faces were video-recorded while viewing four vignettes of hypothetical gender-conforming and gender-nonconforming boy and girl targets in random order. Targets were shown as having gendered preferences in the domains of toys, activities, clothing and hairstyle, and playmates. FaceReader software was used to perform automated coding of six basic facial emotional expressions: angry, disgusted, happy, sad, scared, and surprised. Children showed more scared emotion toward the hypothetical gender-nonconforming boy target when compared with the gender-conforming boy target. Also, this elevation in scared emotion was correlated with children verbally reporting that they perceived the gender-nonconforming boy as being less happy relative to the gender-conforming boy. These results suggest that, during a brief initial exposure to a target peer, gender nonconformity in boy peers was related to a relatively heightened fear response in early and middle childhood. Further, facial emotional expressions can be used to gain insights regarding the emotional component of children's appraisals of varying peer gender presentations, and these emotional responses can be associated with certain other aspects of their appraisals. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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