Measuring Spatial Social Polarization in Public Health Research: A Scoping Review of Methods and Applications.

Spatial social polarization (SSP) refers to the uneven spatial distribution and subsequent concentration of polarized social and/or economic groups in a specified geographic area. However, there is heterogeneity in how SSP is measured and operationalized in research. To this end, we conducted a scop...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Urban Health Vol. 102; no. 2; pp. 213 - 240
Main Authors: McCulley, Edwin M., Frueh, Lisa, Myers, Deiriai, Jaros, Samuel, Abdel Magid, Hoda S., Bayer, Felicia, Lovasi, Gina S.
Format: Literature Review
Published: Springer Nature Apr2025
Subjects:
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
fields @attributes:
  recordID: 1
pdfLink:
plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=184745569&site=ehost-live
header:
  @attributes:
    shortDbName: ssf
    uiTerm: 184745569
    longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson)
    uiTag: AN
  controlInfo:
    bkinfo:
    jinfo:
      jid:
        10993460
        GMF
      jtl: Journal of Urban Health
      issn: 10993460
      maglogo: N
    pubinfo:
      dt: Apr2025
      vid: 102
      iid: 2
      pid: 237
      pub: Springer Nature
    artinfo:
      ui:
        184745569
        10.1007/s11524-024-00957-6
      ppf: 213
      ppct: 27
      formats:
        fmt:
          – @attributes:
              type: T
          – @attributes:
              type: P
              size: 989KB
      tig:
        atl: Measuring Spatial Social Polarization in Public Health Research: A Scoping Review of Methods and Applications.
      aug:
        au:
          McCulley, Edwin M.
          Frueh, Lisa
          Myers, Deiriai
          Jaros, Samuel
          Abdel Magid, Hoda S.
          Bayer, Felicia
          Lovasi, Gina S.
        affil:
          https://ror.org/04bdffz58 Urban Health Collaborative, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, 3600 Market St, 7th Floor, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA
          https://ror.org/04bdffz58 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
          https://ror.org/04bdffz58 Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
          https://ror.org/01z7r7q48 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
          https://ror.org/00f54p054 Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
          https://ror.org/03taz7m60 Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
      su:
        Polarization (Social sciences)
        Human geography
        Public health research
        Race
        Health equity
      sug:
        subj:
          Polarization (Social sciences)
          Human geography
          Public health research
          Race
          Health equity
          Research and development in the physical, engineering and life sciences
      keyword:
        Medical and Health Sciences Public Health and Health Services Economics Applied Economics
        Methodology
        Public health
        Scoping review
        Social epidemiology
        Spatial epidemiology
        Spatial social polarization
        Medical and Health Sciences Public Health and Health Services Economics Applied Economics
        Methodology
        Public health
        Scoping review
        Social epidemiology
        Spatial epidemiology
        Spatial social polarization
      ab: Spatial social polarization (SSP) refers to the uneven spatial distribution and subsequent concentration of polarized social and/or economic groups in a specified geographic area. However, there is heterogeneity in how SSP is measured and operationalized in research. To this end, we conducted a scoping review to characterize the use of SSP measures in public health research, providing a foundation for those seeking to navigate this complex literature, select measurement options, and identify opportunities for methodological development. Using a structured search strategy, we searched PubMed for any primary research, published since 2007, that examined the relationship between SSP and health outcomes. Across 117 included studies, we found a body of evidence that was primarily set in the United States (n = 104), published between 2020 and 2022 (n = 52), and focused on non-communicable diseases (n = 40). We found that defining SSP in the context of privilege, deprivation, and segregation returns a variety of measures. Among measures, we categorized 18 of them as SSP measures, with the Index of Concentration at the Extremes (n = 43) being the most common, and 5 of them as composite indices based on numerous underlying variables spanning several domains like education and race/ethnicity. While most employed a single SSP measure (n = 64), some included up to 5 measures to examine the robustness of findings or to identify how a multidimensional approach to SSP affected associations. Our findings fill a critical literature gap by summarizing options for operationalizing SSP measures and documenting their respective methodologies. Future research should consider using multiple SSP measures to capture the multidimensionality of SSP, widen the scope of health outcomes, and clearly explain the choice of measure(s) and methods used to derive them. Our findings can inform future research questions and help guide researchers in the selection and utilization of the various SSP measures.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Literature Review
      src: R
    language: English
    refInfo:
    copyright:
      @attributes:
        flag: N
    holdings:
      @attributes:
        islocal: N