Why Are Graduates More Socially Liberal? Estimating the Effect of Higher Education on Political Values Through Variation in University Experience.

Previous research has found that attending university results in an individual being more socially liberal and less racially prejudiced, accounting for a variety of alternative explanations. Yet what is it about university that induces this change in political values? This is the question this artic...

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Published in:Political Studies Vol. 73; no. 2; pp. 885 - 904
Main Author: Scott, Ralph
Format: Article
Published: Sage Publications Inc. May2025
Subjects:
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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        atl: Why Are Graduates More Socially Liberal? Estimating the Effect of Higher Education on Political Values Through Variation in University Experience.
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        au: Scott, Ralph
        affil:
          School of Sociology, Politics and International Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
          Department of Politics, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
      su:
        Geographic mobility
        Social values
        Social change
        Educational benefits
        Political science education
      sug:
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          Geographic mobility
          Social values
          Social change
          Educational benefits
          Political science education
      keyword:
        cohort study
        higher education
        political values
        prejudice
        social liberalism
        socialisation
        cohort study
        higher education
        political values
        prejudice
        social liberalism
        socialisation
      ab: Previous research has found that attending university results in an individual being more socially liberal and less racially prejudiced, accounting for a variety of alternative explanations. Yet what is it about university that induces this change in political values? This is the question this article addresses, by investigating three variations in university experience – degree subject, geographic mobility and change in social context – through analysis of a British cohort study linked to Census data. Using panel estimation methods, it finds that graduates of arts, humanities and social science subjects become more socially liberal than those studying other subjects, even when accounting for institutional variation, mobility, contextual effects and time-invariant confounding. It therefore makes the case that the effect of university on political values should be considered in part a learning effect: whereby disciplines affect individuals' worldviews during the 'impressionable years'.
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    language: English
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