Identifying Basic Emotions and Action Units from Facial Photographs with ChatGPT.

Recognising facial expressions of emotion is crucial for social interactions. In addition, identifying these expressions underlies the study of social cognition, consumer behaviour, and many other fields. Using automated facial coding (AFC), this task can be completed more efficiently while potentia...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Publicado en:Journal of Nonverbal Behavior Vol. 49; no. 2; pp. 289 - 307
Autor principal: Kramer, Robin S. S.
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Springer Nature Jun2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
fields @attributes:
  recordID: 1
pdfLink:
plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=185303620&site=ehost-live
header:
  @attributes:
    shortDbName: ssf
    uiTerm: 185303620
    longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson)
    uiTag: AN
  controlInfo:
    bkinfo:
    jinfo:
      jid:
        01915886
        JNV
      jtl: Journal of Nonverbal Behavior
      issn: 01915886
      maglogo: N
    pubinfo:
      dt: Jun2025
      vid: 49
      iid: 2
      pid: 237
      pub: Springer Nature
    artinfo:
      ui:
        185303620
        10.1007/s10919-025-00484-1
      ppf: 289
      ppct: 18
      formats:
        fmt:
          – @attributes:
              type: T
          – @attributes:
              type: P
              size: 989KB
      tig:
        atl: Identifying Basic Emotions and Action Units from Facial Photographs with ChatGPT.
      aug:
        au: Kramer, Robin S. S.
        affil: https://ror.org/03yeq9x20 University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
      su:
        Fear
        Sadness
        Anger
        Emotions
        Facial expression
        Generative artificial intelligence
        Computer software
        Photography
        Descriptive statistics
        Experimental design
        Statistical reliability
        Data analysis software
        Chatbots
      sug:
        subj:
          Fear
          Sadness
          Anger
          Emotions
          Facial expression
          Computer, computer peripheral and pre-packaged software merchant wholesalers
          Computer and Computer Peripheral Equipment and Software Merchant Wholesalers
          Computer and software stores
          Software publishers (except video game publishers)
          Generative artificial intelligence
          Computer software
          Photography
          Descriptive statistics
          Experimental design
          Statistical reliability
          Data analysis software
          Chatbots
      keyword:
        Action unit
        Basic emotion
        ChatGPT
        Facial action coding system
        Psychology and Cognitive Sciences Psychology
        Action unit
        Basic emotion
        ChatGPT
        Facial action coding system
        Psychology and Cognitive Sciences Psychology
      ab: Recognising facial expressions of emotion is crucial for social interactions. In addition, identifying these expressions underlies the study of social cognition, consumer behaviour, and many other fields. Using automated facial coding (AFC), this task can be completed more efficiently while potentially benefitting human-computer interactions. Here, I explored ChatGPT's ability to recognise expressions of basic emotions using high quality images for which human performance, as well as that of FaceReader (a commercially available software), had previously been collected. In Experiment 1, a forced-choice labelling task found that ChatGPT outperformed both humans and FaceReader in identifying the intended emotions from their expressions. Experiment 2 focussed on the facial action coding system (FACS), requiring ChatGPT to identify activated action units (AUs) and their intensities from these same images. The chatbot's overall agreement with a FACS-certified specialist was at least as high as FaceReader, and was around the criterion required for human certification. Further, ChatGPT's detection of a large subset of AUs showed good or very good agreement with the specialist's coding, comparable with FaceReader's performance. Finally, although overall intensity ratings showed relatively poor agreement with the human specialist, ratings for several of the AUs agreed well with human coding, especially if a small level of tolerance were acceptable. Taken together, ChatGPT's ability to perceive human facial expressions and their AUs from high quality images provides a possible alternative to current AFC tools, as well as an interesting avenue for investigation regarding advances in human-computer interactions.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
    refInfo:
    copyright:
      @attributes:
        flag: N
    holdings:
      @attributes:
        islocal: N