Immunohistochemical Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleoprotein and ACE2 Markers in Testicular Tumors Diagnosed During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: The incidence of testicular tumors during the COVID-19 pandemic has raised questions about the potential impact of viral infection on tumor development. This study aimed to explore the relationship between COVID-19 and testicular tumors through a retrospective analysis of 32 cases diagno...

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Publicado en:Clinical Medicine Insights: Oncology pp. 1 - 11
Autores principales: Balcı, Mahi, Aydemir Akkaya, Merva
Formato: pictorial research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Sage Publications Inc. 6/16/2025
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: 6/16/2025
      pid: 344
      pub: Sage Publications Inc.
      place: Thousand Oaks, California
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        10.1177/11795549251347339
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        atl: Immunohistochemical Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleoprotein and ACE2 Markers in Testicular Tumors Diagnosed During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
      aug:
        au:
          Balcı, Mahi
          Aydemir Akkaya, Merva
        affil: Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
      sug:
        subj:
          COVID-19 Pandemic
          COVID-19 Complications
          Testicular Neoplasms Diagnosis
          Testicular Neoplasms Risk Factors
          Risk Assessment
          Immunohistochemistry Evaluation
          Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Metabolism
          Human
          Funding Source
          Male
          Adult
          Middle Age
          Turkiye
          Retrospective Design
          Record Review
          Testicular Neoplasms Epidemiology
          Seminoma
          Tumor Cells, Cultured
          Testis Physiology
          B Lymphocytes
          Cell Physiology Drug Effects
          Oxidative Stress Drug Effects
          Germinoma
          Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
          Tumor Markers, Biological Blood
          Neoplasm Invasiveness
          Descriptive Statistics
          Comparative Studies
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Middle Aged: 45-64 years
          Male
      ab: Background: The incidence of testicular tumors during the COVID-19 pandemic has raised questions about the potential impact of viral infection on tumor development. This study aimed to explore the relationship between COVID-19 and testicular tumors through a retrospective analysis of 32 cases diagnosed before and during the pandemic. Methods: A total of 32 testicular tumors were analyzed, with distribution based on the year of diagnosis. Immunohistochemical studies were conducted to assess SARS-CoV-2 and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression in tumor cells. Results: The highest frequency of tumor diagnoses was observed in 2021 (19.4%), with a notable increase in diagnoses in 2022 compared with pre-pandemic years. No significant correlation was found between COVID-19 infection and tumor types (P =.476). The distribution of seminoma and mixed germ cell tumors (MGCT) was similar in both periods. Strong SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity was found in 11 cases, with expression primarily in Leydig cells and some in Sertoli and plasma cells. The difference in SARS-CoV-2 expression between periods was statistically significant (P = 0013). The ACE2 expression was observed in all tumor groups, but statistical analysis was not significant. Conclusion: The presence of SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein in the tumor microenvironment, particularly during the pandemic, suggests an indirect role of the virus in the development of testicular tumors. Although SARS-CoV-2 does not exhibit direct oncogenic effects, its presence could influence tumorigenesis through mechanisms like inflammation and oxidative stress. The ACE2 expression further supports the hypothesis that the virus may trigger adaptive changes in tumor cells. The SARS-CoV-2 could act as a co-factor in tumor progression, especially in individuals predisposed to testicular tumors.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        pictorial
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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