Optimized fiducial marker placement using B‐spline surface modeling and graph theory for Cyberknife stereotactic body radiotherapy for superficial tumors.

CyberKnife, an established noninvasive stereotactic radiotherapy technology, has been extensively utilized to treat various malignancies because of its high precision and conformal dose delivery. The success of CyberKnife treatment is crucially dependent on optimal fiducial marker placement. This st...

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Publicado en:Precision Radiation Oncology Vol. 9; no. 2; pp. 87 - 96
Autores principales: Huang, Jing, Xiong, Xianlong, Chen, Cheng, Li, Yuhan, Wang, Ruijie, Dai, Zhitao
Formato: diagnostic images equations & formulas pictorial research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Wiley-Blackwell Jun2025
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Jun2025
      vid: 9
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      pub: Wiley-Blackwell
      place: Malden, Massachusetts
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        10.1002/pro6.70017
        186282813
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        atl: Optimized fiducial marker placement using B‐spline surface modeling and graph theory for Cyberknife stereotactic body radiotherapy for superficial tumors.
      aug:
        au:
          Huang, Jing
          Xiong, Xianlong
          Chen, Cheng
          Li, Yuhan
          Wang, Ruijie
          Dai, Zhitao
        affil: School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
      sug:
        subj:
          Radiation Equipment and Supplies
          Models, Statistical
          Algorithms Utilization
          Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted Methods
          Neoplasms Radiotherapy
          Human
          Male
          Female
          Adolescence
          Adult
          Middle Age
          Aged
          Aged, 80 and Over
          Funding Source
          Noninvasive Procedures
          Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
          Radiotherapy, Conformal Methods
          Retrospective Design
          Record Review
          Tumor Markers, Biological
          Radiographic Image Enhancement
          Tomography, X-Ray Computed
          Sensitivity and Specificity
          Patient Safety
          Workflow
          Magnetic Resonance Imaging
          Data Analysis, Computer Assisted
          Computer Simulation
          Time Factors
          Mathematics
          Physician Attitudes
          Descriptive Statistics
          Data Analysis Software
          Adolescent: 13-18 years
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Middle Aged: 45-64 years
          Aged: 65+ years
          Aged, 80 & over
          Male
          Female
      ab: CyberKnife, an established noninvasive stereotactic radiotherapy technology, has been extensively utilized to treat various malignancies because of its high precision and conformal dose delivery. The success of CyberKnife treatment is crucially dependent on optimal fiducial marker placement. This study introduces a novel fiducial marker placement planning algorithm tailored for superficial tumors, which are located 20–50 mm beneath the epidermis. A retrospective analysis was performed on the data collected from three patients with thymus, breast, and submandibular gland tumors. This algorithm generated potential implantation sites by constructing and optimizing a B‐spline surface around the tumor. Candidate points were filtered using multi‐criteria constraints: (1) a minimum of 18‐mm inter‐marker distance, (2) angular separation >30°, and (3) nonoverlapping visibility in 45° oblique digital reconstructed radiographs. To enhance the computational efficiency, a kd‐tree spatial indexing structure was integrated with graph theory, specifically the Bron–Kerbosch algorithm for maximal clique detection. The proposed method achieved a time complexity of O(mlogm+m2+3n3)${\mathrm{O}}({{\mathrm{mlogm}} + {{\mathrm{m}}^2} + {3^{\frac{{\mathrm{n}}}{3}}}})$, demonstrating a significant improvement over the brute‐force O(n3)${\mathrm{O}}({{{\mathrm{n}}^3}})$ approach. The experimental results showed that our algorithm could efficiently plan fiducial marker placement, thereby simplifying the planning process and providing valuable technical support for CyberKnife treatments.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        diagnostic images
        equations & formulas
        pictorial
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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