Potentially inappropriate polypharmacy is an important predictor of 30-day emergency hospitalisation in older adults: a machine learning feature validation study.

Background Machine learning (ML) models in healthcare are crucial for predicting clinical outcomes, and their effectiveness can be significantly enhanced through improvements in accuracy, generalisability, and interpretability. To achieve widespread adoption in clinical practice, risk factors identi...

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Publicado en:Age & Ageing Vol. 54; no. 6; pp. 1 - 10
Autores principales: Olender, Robert T, Roy, Sandipan, Nishtala, Prasad S
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Oxford University Press / USA Jun2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Jun2025
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      pub: Oxford University Press / USA
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        atl: Potentially inappropriate polypharmacy is an important predictor of 30-day emergency hospitalisation in older adults: a machine learning feature validation study.
      aug:
        au:
          Olender, Robert T
          Roy, Sandipan
          Nishtala, Prasad S
        affil:
          Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
          Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, UK
          Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology & Centre for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Bath, Bath, UK
      su:
        United Kingdom
        Uk Biobank Ltd.
        Smoking
        Artificial intelligence
        Hospital care of older people
        Sociodemographic factors
        Alcoholism
        Inappropriate prescribing (Medicine)
        Risk assessment
        Random forest algorithms
        Parasympathomimetic agents
        Prediction models
        Research funding
        Receiver operating characteristic curves
        Logistic regression analysis
        Frail elderly
        Polypharmacy
        Hospital emergency services
        Descriptive statistics
        Longitudinal method
        Research methodology
        Machine learning
        Length of stay in hospitals
        Confidence intervals
        Comorbidity
        Physical mobility
        Accidental falls
      sug:
        subj:
          Smoking
          Artificial intelligence
          Hospital care of older people
          Sociodemographic factors
          Alcoholism
          United Kingdom
          Uk Biobank Ltd.
          Inappropriate prescribing (Medicine)
          Risk assessment
          Random forest algorithms
          Parasympathomimetic agents
          Prediction models
          Research funding
          Receiver operating characteristic curves
          Logistic regression analysis
          Frail elderly
          Polypharmacy
          Hospital emergency services
          Descriptive statistics
          Longitudinal method
          Research methodology
          Machine learning
          Length of stay in hospitals
          Confidence intervals
          Comorbidity
          Physical mobility
          Accidental falls
      keyword:
        artificial intelligence
        decision tree
        hospitalisation
        machine learning
        older people
        predictive modelling
        artificial intelligence
        decision tree
        hospitalisation
        machine learning
        older people
        predictive modelling
      ab: Background Machine learning (ML) models in healthcare are crucial for predicting clinical outcomes, and their effectiveness can be significantly enhanced through improvements in accuracy, generalisability, and interpretability. To achieve widespread adoption in clinical practice, risk factors identified by these models must be validated in diverse populations. Methods In this cohort study, 86 870 community-dwelling older adults ≥65 years from the UK Biobank database were used to train and test three ML models to predict 30-day emergency hospitalisation. The three ML models, Random Forest (RF), XGBoost (XGB), and Logistic Regression (LR), utilised all extracted variables, consisting of demographic and geriatric syndromes, comorbidities, and the Drug Burden Index (DBI), a measure of potentially inappropriate polypharmacy, which quantifies exposure to medications with anticholinergic and sedative properties. 30-day emergency hospitalisation was defined as any hospitalisation related to any clinical event within 30 days of the index date. The model performance metrics included the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC-ROC) and the F1 score. Results The AUC-ROC for the RF, XGB and LR models was 0.78, 0.86 and 0.61, respectively, signifying good discriminatory power. The DBI, mobility, fractures, falls, hazardous alcohol drinking and smoking were validated as important variables in predicting 30-day emergency hospitalisation. Conclusions This study validated important risk factors for predicting 30-day emergency hospitalisation. The validation of important risk factors will inform the development of future ML studies in geriatrics. Future research should prioritise the development of targeted interventions to address the risk factors validated in this study, ultimately improving patient outcomes and alleviating healthcare burdens.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
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