Evaluation of end-to-end continuous spanish lipreading in different data conditions.

Visual speech recognition remains an open research problem where different challenges must be considered by dispensing with the auditory sense, such as visual ambiguities, the inter-personal variability among speakers, and the complex modeling of silence. Nonetheless, recent remarkable results have...

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Published in:Language Resources & Evaluation Vol. 59; no. 3; pp. 2365 - 2387
Main Authors: Gimeno-Gómez, David, Martínez-Hinarejos, Carlos-D.
Format: Conference Paper/Materials
Published: Springer Nature Sep2025
Subjects:
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      dt: Sep2025
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          Gimeno-Gómez, David
          Martínez-Hinarejos, Carlos-D.
        affil: https://ror.org/01460j859 Pattern Recognition and Human Language Technologies Research Center, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022, Valencia, Comunitat Valenciana, Spain
      su:
        Lipreading
        Spanish language
        Error analysis in mathematics
        Artificial neural networks
        Benchmark problems (Computer science)
      sug:
        subj:
          Lipreading
          Spanish language
          Error analysis in mathematics
          Artificial neural networks
          Benchmark problems (Computer science)
      keyword:
        Benchmarking
        Error analysis
        Psychology and Cognitive Sciences Psychology Information and Computing Sciences Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
        Visual speech recognition
      ab: Visual speech recognition remains an open research problem where different challenges must be considered by dispensing with the auditory sense, such as visual ambiguities, the inter-personal variability among speakers, and the complex modeling of silence. Nonetheless, recent remarkable results have been achieved in the field thanks to the availability of large-scale databases and the use of powerful attention mechanisms. Besides, multiple languages apart from English are nowadays a focus of interest. This paper presents noticeable advances in automatic continuous lipreading for Spanish. First, an end-to-end system based on the hybrid CTC/Attention architecture is presented. Experiments are conducted on two corpora of disparate nature, reaching state-of-the-art results that significantly improve the best performance obtained to date for both databases. In addition, a thorough ablation study is carried out, where it is studied how the different components that form the architecture influence the quality of speech recognition. Then, a rigorous error analysis is carried out to investigate the different factors that could affect the learning of the automatic system. Finally, a new Spanish lipreading benchmark is consolidated. Code and trained models are available at https://github.com/david-gimeno/evaluating-end2end-spanish-lipreading.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Conference Paper/Materials
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    language: English
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