Optimisation of visual reinforcement audiometry: a scoping review.

Objective: Visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA) is a well-established behavioural test used to assess hearing in infants and young children. This scoping review aimed to summarise the evidence for different approaches to optimising and improving the effectiveness of VRA for clinical practice. Desig...

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Publicado en:International Journal of Audiology Vol. 64; no. 8; pp. 773 - 784
Autores principales: Visram, Anisa S., Jackson, Iain R., Almufarrij, Ibrahim, Stone, Michael A., Munro, Kevin J.
Formato: research systematic review tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Taylor & Francis Ltd Aug2025
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      jtl: International Journal of Audiology
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      dt: Aug2025
      vid: 64
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      pub: Taylor & Francis Ltd
      place: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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        10.1080/14992027.2024.2397716
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        atl: Optimisation of visual reinforcement audiometry: a scoping review.
      aug:
        au:
          Visram, Anisa S.
          Jackson, Iain R.
          Almufarrij, Ibrahim
          Stone, Michael A.
          Munro, Kevin J.
        affil: Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
      sug:
        subj:
          Audiometry Methods
          Hearing Screening Methods
          Hearing Disorders Diagnosis
          Outcome Assessment
          Human
          Funding Source
          Scoping Review
          PubMed
          Psycinfo
          Embase
          Cochrane Library
          Reinforcement (Psychology)
          Acoustic Stimulation
          Sound Localization
          Transducers
      ab: Objective: Visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA) is a well-established behavioural test used to assess hearing in infants and young children. This scoping review aimed to summarise the evidence for different approaches to optimising and improving the effectiveness of VRA for clinical practice. Design: A pre-registered scoping review was conducted. Study sample: Fifty-nine original articles were included in the review. Results: The review identified a number of factors which improved response behaviour, such as increased variety and complexity of visual reinforcers, short reinforcer durations, and providing breaks. Intermittent conditioning, where as few as 50% of conditioning trials were rewarded, did not have an impact on response behaviour, and neither did the (suprathreshold) presentation level used during conditioning. More responses were achieved for younger (around 12 months) than older (around 18–24 months) infants. Once infants were developmentally ready to condition to play audiometry, this allowed for a more comprehensive hearing evaluation. Conclusions: VRA is a successful behavioural hearing test for most infants of developmental age around 7–24 months, with well-established protocols describing its clinical implementation. Further evidence is needed to assess potential benefits of different reinforcers, different auditory stimuli (e.g. filtered familiar sounds), and technologies to assist response detection.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        systematic review
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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