Associations of emotional experience with gaming duration and risk of gaming disorder among adolescent gamers: An ecological momentary assessment study.

Background and aims: Affect has been shown to be associated with gaming disorder (GD), but little is known about how its temporal tendency may predict excessive gaming. We aimed to evaluate how affect intensity and fluctuations may predict gaming duration and risk of GD among adolescent gamers. Desi...

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Published in:Addiction Vol. 120; no. 9; pp. 1853 - 1863
Main Authors: Lo, Camilla K. M., Chan, Edward W. W., Ho, Frederick K., Yu, Lu, Chui, William W. H., Chan, Ko Ling
Format: research tables/charts Journal Article
Published: Wiley-Blackwell Sep2025
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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      dt: Sep2025
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      pub: Wiley-Blackwell
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        atl: Associations of emotional experience with gaming duration and risk of gaming disorder among adolescent gamers: An ecological momentary assessment study.
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        au:
          Lo, Camilla K. M.
          Chan, Edward W. W.
          Ho, Frederick K.
          Yu, Lu
          Chui, William W. H.
          Chan, Ko Ling
        affil: Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,, Hong Kong
      sug:
        subj:
          Video Games Psychosocial Factors
          Internet Addiction Risk Factors
          Behavior, Addictive Risk Factors
          Adolescent Behavior Evaluation
          Risk Assessment
          Emotions
          Time
          Human
          Male
          Female
          Adolescence
          Prospective Studies
          Ecological Research
          Comparative Studies
          Descriptive Statistics
          Questionnaires
          Confidence Intervals
          Odds Ratio
          Mobile Applications
          Purposive Sample
          Parents
          Funding Source
          Adolescent: 13-18 years
          Male
          Female
      ab: Background and aims: Affect has been shown to be associated with gaming disorder (GD), but little is known about how its temporal tendency may predict excessive gaming. We aimed to evaluate how affect intensity and fluctuations may predict gaming duration and risk of GD among adolescent gamers. Design: A longitudinal study with ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to collect participants' data at four time points throughout the day during a 14‐day observation period. Setting: July and August 2023 in Hong Kong SAR, China. Participants: A total of 317 adolescents (37.2% female; Mage = 15.5) who self‐identified as regular gamers. Measurements The major measures were daily game time, GD (Internet Gaming Disorder Scale; IGDS9‐SF) and affect intensity (the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule; PANAS), while affect fluctuations were captured by obtaining the root mean squared of successive differences of the PANAS scores. Findings Both overall negative affect intensity [β = 0.3816, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.0941–0.6691, P = 0.0095] and fluctuations (β = 0.5123, 95% CI = 0.0567–0.9679, P = 0.0277) were statistically significantly associated with the follow‐up IGDS9‐SF score. In terms of positive affect, only affect fluctuations were statistically significantly associated with IGDS9‐SF score (β = 0.4457, 95% CI = 0.0279–0.8636, P = 0.0367). At within‐person level, both daily negative affect intensity (exponentiated β = 1.0159, 95% CI = 1.0018–1.0302, P = 0.0265) and fluctuations (exponentiated β = 1.0144, 95% CI = 1.0030–1.0258, P = 0.0130) were statistically significantly associated with daily game time. Daily positive affect intensity (exponentiated β = 1.0136, 95% CI = 1.0025–1.0248, P = 0.0166) was statistically significantly associated with increased daily game time at within‐person level. The association between daily positive affect fluctuations and game time was statistically non‐significant. Conclusions: Both intensity and fluctuations of negative affect may predict gaming duration and risk of gaming disorder among Hong Kong adolescents. For positive affect, emotion intensity may be more related to gaming duration, and emotion fluctuations may be more related to adolescents' risk of gaming disorder.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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