Developing an anaemia prediction app for pregnant women in low‑ and middle‑income countries.

Background/Aims: Early detection of anaemia is vital in preventing complications among pregnant women. This study aimed to develop and validate an anaemia prediction method based on digital images captured with a smartphone application. Methods: This study created the Denia app, which provided infor...

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Publicado en:British Journal of Midwifery Vol. 33; no. 9; pp. 488 - 497
Autores principales: Anggraeni, Mekar Dwi, Setiawati, Nina, Fatoni, Amin
Formato: research tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: Mark Allen Holdings Limited Sep2025
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Sep2025
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        atl: Developing an anaemia prediction app for pregnant women in low‑ and middle‑income countries.
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          Anggraeni, Mekar Dwi
          Setiawati, Nina
          Fatoni, Amin
        affil: Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Indonesia
      sug:
        subj:
          Anemia Diagnosis
          Early Diagnosis
          Mobile Applications
          Expectant Mothers Psychosocial Factors
          Prenatal Care
          Low and Middle Income Countries
          Anemia Complications
          Instrument Construction
          Instrument Validation
          Digital Imaging
          Self Care
          Pregnancy
          Female
          Human
          Hemoglobins
          Focus Groups
          Conjunctiva
          Validity
          Precision
          Task Performance and Analysis
          Questionnaires
          Adult
          Thematic Analysis
          Sensitivity and Specificity
          Descriptive Statistics
          Data Analysis Software
          Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test
          T-Tests
          Coefficient alpha
          Confidence Intervals
          Funding Source
          Adult: 19-44 years
          Female
      ab: Background/Aims: Early detection of anaemia is vital in preventing complications among pregnant women. This study aimed to develop and validate an anaemia prediction method based on digital images captured with a smartphone application. Methods: This study created the Denia app, which provided information on anaemia for pregnant women and assessed haemoglobin concentration. The content was developed using focus group discussions with 14 nurse-midwives and 15 pregnant women. Content was validated by a panel of three experts. The app was tested with 82 pregnant women, whose haemoglobin concentrations and pictures of palpebral conjunctiva were taken. Several parameters of the app's use were examined: linearity, detection and quantification limits, accuracy, precision, range of analytical method and self-detection trial results. Results: The app met the content validity index consensus (>0.80) and could predict anaemia among participants with high accuracy and precision. No difference was observed between haemoglobin concentrations obtained using the app and those obtained using a commercial test kit. Conclusions: The app demonstrated great analytical performance in predicting anaemia. Implications for practice: Pregnant women may use the Denia app to easily detect anaemia early in pregnancy using a smartphone.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
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        research
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        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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