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Revealing the reproducibility and coordination of highly-skilled baseball throwing.

There has been interest in identifying the key factors for exceptional sports performance. One possible approach to addressing this issue is to focus on coordination and numerous studies have empirically examined coordination. In our study, we demonstrated the coordination exhibited by high-skilled...

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Published in:Journal of Sports Sciences Vol. 43; no. 20; pp. 2487 - 2497
Main Authors: Kimura, Arata, Nakashima, Hirotaka
Format: research tables/charts Journal Article
Published: Taylor & Francis Ltd Oct2025
Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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        02640414
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      jtl: Journal of Sports Sciences
      issn: 02640414
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      dt: Oct2025
      vid: 43
      iid: 20
      pid: 377
      pub: Taylor & Francis Ltd
      place: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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        188176945
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        188176945
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        10.1080/02640414.2025.2536412
        188176945
      ppf: 2487
      ppct: 10
      formats:
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        atl: Revealing the reproducibility and coordination of highly-skilled baseball throwing.
      aug:
        au:
          Kimura, Arata
          Nakashima, Hirotaka
        affil: Faculty of Sports and Health Studies, Hosei University, Japan
      sug:
        subj:
          Skill Acquisition
          Throwing
          Baseball
          Athletic Performance
          Task Performance and Analysis
          Kinematics
          Human
          Motion Capture
          Athletes, College
          Athletes, Amateur
          Male
          Young Adult
          Videorecording
          Simulations
          Descriptive Statistics
          Post Hoc Analysis
          Paired T-Tests
          Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test
          Data Analysis Software
          Funding Source
          Male
      ab: There has been interest in identifying the key factors for exceptional sports performance. One possible approach to addressing this issue is to focus on coordination and numerous studies have empirically examined coordination. In our study, we demonstrated the coordination exhibited by high-skilled athletes but not by novices during a throwing task. Participants alternated between overhead and sidearm throws to a target, and the positional data of reflective markers attached to the baseball were captured using a motion capture system. Our findings revealed that high-skilled athletes coordinated the ball release position in the left-right direction with the azimuth angle of the translational ball velocity, thereby minimising the variability in the ball arrival position. Similarly, high-skilled athletes also coordinated the ball release position in the upward-downward direction with the elevation angle of the translational velocity. The coordination was not exhibited by the novices. Furthermore, it was observed that high-skilled athletes reduced variability in the ball arrival position by minimising variability of both the azimuth and elevation angles of the translational ball velocity. Our study identifies key differences between high-skilled athletes and novices during the throwing task and offers valuable insights for advancing the understanding of sports skills.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        research
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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