Detecting hate crimes through machine learning and natural language processing.

Misidentification and misreporting of hate crimes by victims and law enforcement are significant barriers to accurate data collection of hate crimes, and their consequent study and prevention. The use of machine learning in crime detection can improve the accuracy and speed at which reported inciden...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Publicado en:Police Practice & Research Vol. 26; no. 6; pp. 746 - 769
Autor principal: Ortiz Salazar, Ana
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Taylor & Francis Ltd Oct2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
fields @attributes:
  recordID: 1
pdfLink:
plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=188232690&site=ehost-live
header:
  @attributes:
    shortDbName: ssf
    uiTerm: 188232690
    longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson)
    uiTag: AN
  controlInfo:
    bkinfo:
    jinfo:
      jid:
        15614263
        J5F
      jtl: Police Practice & Research
      issn: 15614263
      maglogo: N
    pubinfo:
      dt: Oct2025
      vid: 26
      iid: 6
      pid: 377
      pub: Taylor & Francis Ltd
    artinfo:
      ui:
        188232690
        10.1080/15614263.2024.2397363
      ppf: 746
      ppct: 23
      formats:
      tig:
        atl: Detecting hate crimes through machine learning and natural language processing.
      aug:
        au: Ortiz Salazar, Ana
        affil: Lead Data Scientist and Bias Crime Research Scientist, Seattle Police Department – Performance Analytics and Research, Seattle, WA, USA
      su:
        Hate crimes
        Criminal investigation
        Machine learning
        Natural language processing
        Classification algorithms
        Police reports
        Acquisition of data
      sug:
        subj:
          Hate crimes
          Criminal investigation
          Machine learning
          Natural language processing
          Classification algorithms
          Police reports
          Acquisition of data
      keyword:
        bias
        machine learning
        NLP
        Seattle
        bias
        machine learning
        NLP
        Seattle
      ab: Misidentification and misreporting of hate crimes by victims and law enforcement are significant barriers to accurate data collection of hate crimes, and their consequent study and prevention. The use of machine learning in crime detection can improve the accuracy and speed at which reported incidents with bias elements are identified. This study develops a machine learning classifier that categorizes police reports as either events with bias elements or events with no bias elements. We use incident/offense reports from the Seattle Police Department to train a Natural Language Processing classification algorithm. We collect narratives, location data, and victim and suspect demographics to use as features. We evaluate the performance of logistic regression, random forest, and XGBoost algorithms, as well as several text embedding techniques. Despite substantial class imbalance, our model achieves a macro F1-score of 0.79, demonstrating the benefits of applied machine learning in accurately detecting and reporting hate crimes.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
    refInfo:
    copyright:
      @attributes:
        flag: N
    holdings:
      @attributes:
        islocal: N