Hands-free interaction system using eye tracking for people with physical disabilities.
Purpose: This study presents and evaluates a hands-free eye-tracking interaction system aimed at empowering individuals with physical disabilities by facilitating inclusive digital access, in alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 3 (Good Health and Well-being) and 10...
| Publicado en: | Disability & Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology Vol. 20; no. 7; pp. 2474 - 2488 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , |
| Formato: | algorithm pictorial research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Oct2025
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=188362636&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 188362636 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 17483107 1X04 jtl: Disability & Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology issn: 17483107 maglogo: Y pubinfo: dt: Oct2025 vid: 20 iid: 7 pid: 377 pub: Taylor & Francis Ltd place: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania artinfo: ui: 188362636 187378396 188362636 188362636 10.1080/17483107.2025.2548012 188362636 ppf: 2474 ppct: 14 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Hands-free interaction system using eye tracking for people with physical disabilities. aug: au: Saputra, Marcel Hadipoespito, Kayne Raphael Polantika, Denzel Hartono, John Reigton Kuo, Sherrane Hedwig, Rinda affil: Business Engineering Department, BINUS ASO School of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Tangerang, Indonesia sug: subj: Persons with Disabilities Assistive Technology Devices Utilization Eye Movement Measurements Equipment and Supplies Digital Technology Empowerment Systems Analysis Human Structured Questionnaires Interviews Performance Measurement Systems Face Perception Validity Communication Protocols Patient Satisfaction Videorecording Descriptive Statistics Systems Design ab: Purpose: This study presents and evaluates a hands-free eye-tracking interaction system aimed at empowering individuals with physical disabilities by facilitating inclusive digital access, in alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 3 (Good Health and Well-being) and 10 (Reduced Inequalities). Methods: The system's performance was assessed through accuracy testing, data transmission speed measurement, and frame rate stability analysis. Eye gestures were repeatedly recorded from a single user to evaluate system accuracy and responsiveness. Additionally, usability feedback was collected from 10 participants through structured questionnaires. Results: Accuracy testing showed tightly clustered gaze points with an estimated accuracy of 90–95%. Data transmission was highly efficient, averaging 0.0003 s per data point, with consistently high throughput. The system maintained a stable frame rate of approximately 30 frames per second, enabling smooth real-time performance. User evaluations highlighted ease of use, comfort, responsiveness, and the potential to enable independent computer access, with high overall satisfaction ratings. Conclusions: The results indicate that the proposed eye-tracking system effectively combines technical performance with user-centered design. By enabling accessible communication and interaction, it promotes digital inclusion and reduces barriers to technology for people with physical disabilities. Significance: This technology offers a practical, inclusive solution that advances health, well-being, and social equity, supporting sustainable development through enhanced accessibility and empowerment. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: The findings of this study suggest that the hands-free eye-tracking interaction system holds significant potential in the field of rehabilitation for individuals with physical disabilities. Its high accuracy (90–95%), efficient data transmission, and stable real-time performance support its use as a reliable assistive interface for enabling independent computer access. User feedback indicating high satisfaction, comfort, and usability underscores the system's capacity to promote autonomy in daily digital interactions. These features are particularly relevant for individuals with severe motor impairments, for whom traditional input devices are often inaccessible. By facilitating communication, access to information, and participation in educational or vocational activities, the system contributes to a more inclusive rehabilitation process. Moreover, the alignment with Sustainable Development Goals—particularly SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being) and SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities)—reinforces the broader health and social value of this technology. As such, the system offers a practical and scalable solution to support patient-centered rehabilitation strategies focused on improving quality of life, functional independence, and digital inclusion. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: algorithm pictorial research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Unknown language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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