| Sumario: | The paper explores the transformation of legal concepts in the era of smart contracts, with a focus on rethinking responsibility and justice within a hybrid legal ontology. The purpose of the article is to develop the conceptual foundations of a hybrid legal ontology to analyze the transformation of responsibility and justice in the context of smart contracts, aiming to comprehend qualitatively new forms of legal reality that emerge at the intersection of human and algorithmic principles. The study adopts an interdisciplinary approach, integrating philosophical-legal analysis with elements of systems theory, critical algorithm theory, and post-phenomenological research on technology. The methodological framework is based on concepts of legal pluralism, agency theory, and approaches from analytical philosophy of law to the challenges of responsibility. It is argued that smart contracts establish a hybrid legal ontology in which traditional categories of individual responsibility are replaced by distributed forms of agency. The study identifies a fundamental contradiction between the algorithmic logic of procedural justice and human needs for substantive justice. It is established that restorative justice is incompatible with the deterministic execution of smart contracts. The conceptualization of legal pluralism in blockchain ecosystems is further advanced through the coexistence of diverse normative orders. The research findings contribute to the philosophical-legal theory of the digital age by conceptualizing hybrid ontology as a new form of legal existence, thereby enriching the understanding of agency, responsibility, and justice in the context of humanmachine interaction. The results provide a theoretical basis for developing new regulatory mechanisms that account for the distributed nature of responsibility in blockchain systems, establishing ethical principles for designing fair algorithmic systems, and creating hybrid justice institutions. A conceptual vision of hybrid legal ontology is proposed as a theoretical framework for analyzing qualitatively new legal phenomena. The concept of distributed agency is substantiated to describe collective responsibility in decentralized systems. An approach to understanding algorithmic justice through the limitations of formal systems is suggested. The study highlights the need for developing specific mechanisms to operationalize hybrid legal ontology in regulatory practice, creating new institutional forms to implement distributed responsibility, and exploring possibilities for integrating restorative justice into algorithmic systems.
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