Reciprocal Relationships among the Educational Expectations of Fathers, Mothers, and Adolescents from Fourth Grade to Ninth Grade.
Although reciprocal relationships among the educational expectations of fathers, mothers, and adolescents have been theoretically proposed, the dynamic, gender differential, and asymmetric nature of these reciprocal relationships within family systems across adolescence remains unclear. In the curre...
| Published in: | Journal of Youth & Adolescence Vol. 54; no. 11; pp. 2842 - 2859 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Published: |
Springer Nature
Nov2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ssf&AN=188714290&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ssf uiTerm: 188714290 longDbName: Social Sciences Full Text (H.W. Wilson) uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: jinfo: jid: 00472891 JYA jtl: Journal of Youth & Adolescence issn: 00472891 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Nov2025 vid: 54 iid: 11 pid: 237 pub: Springer Nature artinfo: ui: 188714290 10.1007/s10964-025-02218-4 ppf: 2842 ppct: 17 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P size: 979KB tig: atl: Reciprocal Relationships among the Educational Expectations of Fathers, Mothers, and Adolescents from Fourth Grade to Ninth Grade. aug: au: Niu, Yingnan Guo, Xiaolin Cai, He Zhao, Baoxu Luo, Liang affil: https://ror.org/022k4wk35 Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China https://ror.org/0170z8493 School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China https://ror.org/022k4wk35 Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China https://ror.org/022k4wk35 State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China su: Psychology of fathers Parent-child relationships Sex distribution Teenagers' conduct of life Middle school students Family systems theory Psychology of mothers Academic achievement School children Intergenerational relations Social classes Research funding Descriptive statistics Longitudinal method Factor analysis Data analysis software sug: subj: Psychology of fathers Parent-child relationships Sex distribution Teenagers' conduct of life Middle school students Family systems theory Psychology of mothers Academic achievement School children Intergenerational relations Social classes Research funding Descriptive statistics Longitudinal method Factor analysis Data analysis software keyword: Educational expectations Fourth grade to ninth grade Gender differences Intergenerational transmission Psychology and Cognitive Sciences Psychology Reciprocal relationships Educational expectations Fourth grade to ninth grade Gender differences Intergenerational transmission Psychology and Cognitive Sciences Psychology Reciprocal relationships ab: Although reciprocal relationships among the educational expectations of fathers, mothers, and adolescents have been theoretically proposed, the dynamic, gender differential, and asymmetric nature of these reciprocal relationships within family systems across adolescence remains unclear. In the current study, a cross-lagged panel model (CLPM) was used to examine the reciprocal relationships among the educational expectations of fathers, mothers, and adolescents from 4th grade to 9th grade and the moderating effect of adolescents' gender was considered. A total of 3403 Chinese students (1628 girls; initial M = 9.85 years, SD = 0.37) and their fathers and mothers were followed from 4th to 9th grade across six waves at one-year intervals. The results indicated significant longitudinal reciprocal relationships among the educational expectations of fathers, mothers, and adolescents. The results of dynamic analysis indicated that father-to-adolescent and mother-to-father effects increased over time. In terms of asymmetries in parent-adolescent reciprocal effects, the results revealed that during the transition from 4th grade to 5th grade, adolescents' predictive effect on their fathers' educational expectations was significantly stronger than fathers' predictive effect on adolescents' educational expectations. The results of differences in parental-gender revealed that the predictive effect of mothers on adolescents' educational expectations was significantly stronger than the predictive effect of fathers during the transition from 4th grade to 5th grade. In addition, an adolescent-gender difference was observed in the adolescent-to-parent effects from 4th grade to 9th grade, with daughters having a stronger predictive effect on their parents' expectations than sons. This study reveals that within family systems, the educational expectations of fathers, mothers, and adolescents represent a dynamic process of mutual interaction, adaptation, and adjustment across different academic stages. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: Article src: R language: English refInfo: copyright: @attributes: flag: N holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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