CAPITAL AS "AUTOMATIC SUBJECT" AND THE CLASS STRUGGLE: ON THE FORM-DETERMINATIONS OF WORKINGCLASS POLITICAL ACTION IN THE CRITIQUE OF POLITICAL ECONOMY.

This article develops a reading of the precise form in which Marx introduces the class struggle in his dialectical presentation in Capital and argues that, in its simplest form-determination, the class struggle is the most general direct social relation between collective personifications of commodi...

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Published in:Ethics & Politics / Etica e Politica Vol. 27; no. 2; pp. 185 - 217
Main Author: STAROSTA, GUIDO
Format: Article
Published: Ethics & Politics / Etica & Politica 2025
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Online Access:View this record in EBSCOhost
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        atl: CAPITAL AS "AUTOMATIC SUBJECT" AND THE CLASS STRUGGLE: ON THE FORM-DETERMINATIONS OF WORKINGCLASS POLITICAL ACTION IN THE CRITIQUE OF POLITICAL ECONOMY.
      aug:
        au: STAROSTA, GUIDO
        affil: CONICET (National Council of Scientific and Technical Research)
      su:
        Social conflict
        Marxist philosophy
        Power (Social sciences)
        Labor supply
        Marx, Karl, 1818-1883
        Political economic analysis
        Social dynamics
      sug:
        subj:
          Social conflict
          Marxist philosophy
          Power (Social sciences)
          Labor supply
          Marx, Karl, 1818-1883
          Political economic analysis
          Social dynamics
      keyword:
        Automatic Subject
        Capital
        Class Struggle
        Form-determination
        Value of labour power
      ab: This article develops a reading of the precise form in which Marx introduces the class struggle in his dialectical presentation in Capital and argues that, in its simplest form-determination, the class struggle is the most general direct social relation between collective personifications of commodities through which the unity of the indirect relations of capitalist production asserts itself. More specifically, it shows that the class struggle is the necessary concrete form taken by the purchase of labourpower at its full value and, therefore, by the attainment of the sociallyconstituted normal material reproduction of the productive attributes of wage-labourers in a capitalistic "exploitable shape", i.e. in the conditions demanded by the valorisation of the total social capital. In this sense, the class struggle is a necessary form in which the valorisation of capital realises its own immanent determinations. The reason for this does not lie in the abstract methodological principles of structuralism. Rather, it is an expression of the concrete development of the historically specific alienation inherent in the generalised commodity form; in the form of the total social capital, the materialised social relation between private and independent individuals becomes determined as the concrete "automatic subject" of the movement of modern society. Thus, the article argues that the class struggle must be grasped as a necessary mediating form assumed by the very "automatism" which governs the movement of the objectified form of capitalist social relations. It goes without saying that this does not imply the denial of the transformative powers of human practice personified by wageworkers. But it does imply that whatever transformative powers their political action might have - whether capitalreproducing or capital-transcending-must be an immanent determination begotten by the movement of the valorisation of capital and not external to it.
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