The new security grey zone: export controls, emerging technologies and US-China technological rivalry.

The contemporary use of export controls by the US as a tool for compliance and enforcement has expanded a grey zone within global economic networks, where security and economic measures increasingly justify one another. These export controls, combined with industrial policies, reflect an emerging ge...

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Publicado en:Pacific Review Vol. 38; no. 6; pp. 1020 - 1049
Autores principales: Schneider Rasador, Guilherme, Moreira Cunha, André
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: Taylor & Francis Ltd Nov2025
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Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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        atl: The new security grey zone: export controls, emerging technologies and US-China technological rivalry.
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        au:
          Schneider Rasador, Guilherme
          Moreira Cunha, André
        affil: Department of Economics and International Relations, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
      su:
        Export controls
        Semiconductor industry
        Technological innovations
        China-United States relations
        United States. Bureau of Industry & Security
        Trade regulation
        Commercial policy
        Trump, Donald, 1946-
        Biden, Joe, 1942-
        Supply chains
        Foreign trade regulation
        China
        United States
      sug:
        subj:
          China
          United States
          Export controls
          Semiconductor industry
          Technological innovations
          China-United States relations
          United States. Bureau of Industry & Security
          Trade regulation
          Commercial policy
          Trump, Donald, 1946-
          Biden, Joe, 1942-
          Supply chains
          Foreign trade regulation
      keyword:
        extraterritoriality
        geoeconomics
        semiconductors
        tech competition
        US-China relations
      ab: The contemporary use of export controls by the US as a tool for compliance and enforcement has expanded a grey zone within global economic networks, where security and economic measures increasingly justify one another. These export controls, combined with industrial policies, reflect an emerging geoeconomic strategy. We examine the US growing use of export controls as a geoeconomic tool to curb China's technological advancement, particularly in the semiconductor industry, focusing on the active role of the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS). We argue that the BIS has significantly expanded its influence under the Trump and Biden administrations, especially through policies targeting US-China technological rivalry, such as the Foreign Direct Product Rule (FDPR). This expansion is analysed through the lens of extraterritoriality, emphasising the usage of US structural power within the semiconductor industry and its supply chains. We illustrate how these policies reflect a new geoeconomic order, where economic interdependence is weaponised for strategic objectives, and global supply chains become arenas of geopolitical competition. By blocking China's access to critical technologies, these policies reinforce US leadership but risk leading to long-term geoeconomic fragmentation in global trade and investment, raising relevant questions about international economic governance.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
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    language: English
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