Relationship of Mediterranean Diet and Its Components with Parameters of Structure, Vascular Function, and Vascular Aging in Subjects Diagnosed with Long COVID: BioICOPER Study.
Introduction: Long COVID (LC) is associated with an increase in cardiovascular risk and chronic inflammation, whereas the Mediterranean Diet (MD) seems to improve the aforementioned factors. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between MD and its components with vascular structure, f...
| Published in: | Nutrients Vol. 17; no. 20; pp. 3226 - 3246 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | clinical trial research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Published: |
MDPI
Oct2025
|
| Online Access: | View this record in EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=188955750&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 188955750 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 20726643 B0TT jtl: Nutrients issn: 20726643 maglogo: N pubinfo: dt: Oct2025 vid: 17 iid: 20 pid: 97109 pub: MDPI artinfo: ui: 188955750 188955750 188955750 10.3390/nu17203226 188955750 ppf: 3226 ppct: 20 formats: tig: atl: Relationship of Mediterranean Diet and Its Components with Parameters of Structure, Vascular Function, and Vascular Aging in Subjects Diagnosed with Long COVID: BioICOPER Study. aug: au: Navarro-Cáceres, Alicia Gómez-Sánchez, Leticia Arroyo-Romero, Silvia Suárez-Moreno, Nuria Domínguez-Martín, Andrea Lugones-Sánchez, Cristina González-Sánchez, Susana Rodríguez-Sánchez, Emiliano García-Ortiz, Luis Gómez-Sánchez, Marta Navarro-Matias, Elena Gómez-Marcos, Manuel A. affil: Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Salamanca Primary Care Management, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain sug: subj: Aging Physiology Vascular Diseases Diet Therapy Mediterranean Diet Evaluation Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome Complications Cardiovascular System Physiology Evaluation Cardiovascular Risk Factors Prevention and Control Heart Anatomy and Histology Sex Factors Evaluation Human Male Female Adult Middle Age Aged Funding Source Ankle Brachial Index Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Pulse Wave Velocity Cross Sectional Studies Questionnaires Olive Oil Metabolism Dietary Fats Metabolism Logistic Regression Dietary Patterns Evaluation Academic Medical Centers Guideline Adherence Life Style Anthropometry Blood Pressure Physiology Fasting Biochemical Phenomena Age Factors Sex Factors Alcohol Abuse Complications Smoking Complications Disease Duration Drugs, Prescription Therapeutic Use Metabolic Syndrome X Diet Therapy Odds Ratio Confidence Intervals Endothelium Metabolism Clinical Trials Lipoproteins, LDL Blood Lipoproteins, HDL Blood Triglycerides Blood Blood Glucose Analysis T-Tests Chi Square Test Descriptive Statistics Data Analysis Software Adult: 19-44 years Middle Aged: 45-64 years Aged: 65+ years Male Female ab: Introduction: Long COVID (LC) is associated with an increase in cardiovascular risk and chronic inflammation, whereas the Mediterranean Diet (MD) seems to improve the aforementioned factors. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between MD and its components with vascular structure, function, and aging in patients diagnosed with LC globally and by sex. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study with 304 subjects diagnosed with LC; 207 were women and 97 men. Adherence to MD was evaluated with a validated MEDAS questionnaire, composed of 14 items. The vascular structure was assessed using carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). Three measurements were carried out to evaluate vascular function: cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). Vascular aging index (VAI) was estimated. Results: The MD score was 7.80 ± 2.33, with no difference between sexes. Vascular function and aging parameter values were higher in men than in women. Use of olive oil as the principal source of fat for cooking, and consuming <1 serving of butter/day and <1 sugar-sweetened beverage/day showed >90% adherence. Logistic regression analysis displayed associations between cIMT < 0.625 and use of olive oil in the global analysis (OR = 0.148) and among men (OR = 0.120), and <2 commercial pastries/week in global (OR = 0.536). cfPWV < 7.400 m/s was associated with DM score ≥ 8 in global (OR = 0.444) and in women, as well as with <2 pastries/week in women (OR = 0.405). baPWV < 12.315 m/s was associated with ≥3 servings of pulses/week in global (OR = 0.481) and among women, as was <2 pastries/week in global (OR = 0.471) and in women. CAVI < 7.450 was associated with ≥4 tablespoons of olive oil/day in men. VAI < 63.693 was associated with DM score ≥ 8 in global (OR = 0.458) and in women, as well as <2 pastries/week in global (OR = 0.392). Conclusions: Adherence to MD was associated with lower cfPWV and VAI measures in the global analysis and among women. In particular, several of the components were associated with a better vascular profile in LC patients. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: clinical trial research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
|---|