Effect of cold water immersion on balance and postural control in young healthy individuals: a systematic review.

Abractst: Background: Proper recovery and a faster return to activity play an important role in injury prevention and can significantly impact performance. Also, maintaining balance and postural control are prerequisites for effective performance that can be strengthened based on proper recovery. Th...

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Publicado en:Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Research Vol. 20; no. 1; pp. 1 - 13
Autores principales: Shahani, Omid, Khoshraftar Yazdi, Nahid, Mokhtaran, Samineh
Formato: pictorial research systematic review tables/charts Journal Article
Publicado: BioMed Central 11/3/2025
Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: 11/3/2025
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      pub: BioMed Central
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        10.1186/s13018-025-06398-4
        189086665
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        atl: Effect of cold water immersion on balance and postural control in young healthy individuals: a systematic review.
      aug:
        au:
          Shahani, Omid
          Khoshraftar Yazdi, Nahid
          Mokhtaran, Samineh
        affil: https://ror.org/01bdr6121 Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercise, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Guilan, 41996-13776, Rasht, Iran
      sug:
        subj:
          Cryotherapy Methods
          Immersion Methods
          Balance, Postural
          Research Subjects In Adulthood
          Treatment Outcomes
          Human
          Systematic Review
          PubMed
          Physiotherapy Evidence Database
          Cochrane Library
          Electromyography
          Ground Reaction Force
          Skin Temperature
          Reaction Time
          Adult
          Stability
          Quality Assessment
          Temperature
          Health Status
          Adult: 19-44 years
      ab: Abractst: Background: Proper recovery and a faster return to activity play an important role in injury prevention and can significantly impact performance. Also, maintaining balance and postural control are prerequisites for effective performance that can be strengthened based on proper recovery. This systematic review examined the effect of cold water immersion (CWI) on balance and postural control in healthy young adults. Methods: The study was searched from inception to early March 2025. Six databases, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, PEDro, and Cochrane Library, were searched, and studies published in English were selected. Experimental studies and controlled clinical trials that included at least two groups, a CWI experimental group and a control group, had to use at least traditional or no-intervention retrieval methods. The mean age of participants was 16. The Rob2 and critical appraisal scales were used to assess the risk of bias and quality of studies. Results: 386 studies were found in the first stage of the search, and eight were included in this review. The effects of CWI on balance in healthy individuals are varied, with some studies suggesting a positive impact and others suggesting no effect. Duration and temperature play important roles, with shorter and more moderate immersions being more effective. Temporary neural responses cause short-term instability, but in the long term, they help improve stability and control. Due to the heterogeneity among studies, conducting a meta-analysis was impossible. Conclusion: The use of CWI can be done under different conditions, depending on the target population and their needs. Overall, its use yields more positive effects, although contradictions persist. It should be used with caution and tailored to the needs of the individual.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype:
        pictorial
        research
        systematic review
        tables/charts
        Journal Article
      ougenre: Article
    language: English
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