Sex-Specific Associations of Prolactin and Progesterone With Glycemic Control in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes.
Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by insulin deficiency and impaired glucose regulation. While sex hormones are known to influence insulin sensitivity, their specific roles in T1D remain underexplored. Prolactin and progesterone have been associated with glucos...
| Publicado en: | Clinical Medicine Insights: Endocrinology & Diabetes Vol. 18; pp. 1 - 8 |
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| Autores principales: | , , , , |
| Formato: | research tables/charts Journal Article |
| Publicado: |
Sage Publications Inc.
11/29/2025
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| Acceso en línea: | Ver este registro en EBSCOhost |
| fields | @attributes: recordID: 1 pdfLink: plink: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=189855770&site=ehost-live header: @attributes: shortDbName: ccm uiTerm: 189855770 longDbName: CINAHL Complete uiTag: AN controlInfo: bkinfo: dissinfo: jinfo: jid: 11795514 B3KQ jtl: Clinical Medicine Insights: Endocrinology & Diabetes issn: 11795514 maglogo: Y pubinfo: dt: 11/29/2025 vid: 18 pid: 344 pub: Sage Publications Inc. place: Thousand Oaks, California artinfo: ui: 189855770 189855770 189855770 10.1177/11795514251394434 189855770 ppf: 1 ppct: 7 formats: fmt: – @attributes: type: T – @attributes: type: P tig: atl: Sex-Specific Associations of Prolactin and Progesterone With Glycemic Control in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes. aug: au: Simon, Abigayle B. Trivedi, Dhruti Thomas, Jeffrey Nicholson, Matthew S. Harris, Ryan A. affil: Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA sug: subj: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 Physiopathology Glycemic Control Evaluation Progesterone Blood Prolactin Blood Sex Hormones Blood Sex Factors Human Funding Source Male Female Adult Cross Sectional Studies Glycated Hemoglobin Blood Anthropometry Body Composition Blood Specimen Collection Fasting Estradiol Blood Testosterone Blood Pearson's Correlation Coefficient Academic Medical Centers Absorptiometry, Photon Data Analysis Software Descriptive Statistics T-Tests Linear Regression Adult: 19-44 years Male Female ab: Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by insulin deficiency and impaired glucose regulation. While sex hormones are known to influence insulin sensitivity, their specific roles in T1D remain underexplored. Prolactin and progesterone have been associated with glucose metabolism, yet their influence in individuals with T1D, particularly men, has not been well studied. This study investigated the relationship between key sex hormones and glycemic control in men and women with T1D. Methods: Seventy-eight adults with T1D (25 men, 53 women) were recruited for a cross-sectional study examining associations between circulating sex hormone concentrations and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Participants underwent anthropometric and body composition assessments and provided fasting blood samples for measurement of estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, total testosterone, free testosterone, and HbA1c. Pearson's correlations were used to evaluate associations between hormone levels and HbA1c. Results: In men, higher concentrations of prolactin (r = −.571, P =.003) and progesterone (r = −.434, P =.030) were significantly associated with lower HbA1c. No such associations were observed in women for prolactin, progesterone, estradiol, or testosterone. Similarly, in men, estradiol, total testosterone, and free testosterone were not significantly correlated with HbA1c. Conclusions: This study provides novel evidence that prolactin and progesterone may be linked to improved glycemic control in men with T1D. These associations were not observed in women. The findings underscore the importance of sex-specific approaches in endocrine and metabolic research. Further longitudinal and mechanistic studies are needed to confirm these relationships and explore the potential of prolactin and progesterone as therapeutic targets in T1D management. Plain Language Summary: Sex Hormones and Glycemic Control in Adults With T1D Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a lifelong condition where the body can't produce insulin, a hormone that helps control blood sugar. Managing blood sugar is important to prevent long-term health problems. While we know that sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone affect how the body handles sugar, their role in people with T1D, especially men, hasn't been well understood. In this study, we looked at whether certain hormones are linked to blood sugar control in adults with T1D. We measured sex-hormones and a marker of long-term blood sugar control called hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in 78 adults (25 men and 53 women). We found that in men, higher prolactin and progesterone were linked to better blood sugar control (lower HbA1c). These relationships were not seen in women. Other hormones like estrogen and testosterone didn't show any clear link to blood sugar control in either group. This study is the first to show that prolactin and progesterone might play a helpful role in blood sugar management for men with T1D. We didn't see the same pattern in women. These findings suggest that hormones beyond insulin may influence blood sugar, and that these effects can differ between men and women. Understanding these differences could lead to more personalized treatment strategies for people with T1D. More research is needed to explore why these hormones seem to help and whether they could be used in future therapies. pubtype: Academic Journal doctype: research tables/charts Journal Article ougenre: Article language: English refInfo: holdings: @attributes: islocal: N |
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