Natural Speech Analysis Can Reveal Individual Differences in Executive Function Across the Adult Lifespan.

Purpose: Automated analysis of naturalistic speech has emerged as an effective tool for detecting cognitive decline in dementia but has seldom been used to examine the ordinary cognitive decline occurring in normal aging. Executive function (EF) declines throughout the adult lifespan but is difficul...

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Publicado en:Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research Vol. 68; no. 12; pp. 5708 - 5727
Autores principales: Wei, Hsi T., Kulzhabayeva, Dana, Erceg, Lella, Rose, Mira Kates, Spencer, Kiah A., Robin, Jessica, Bialystok, Ellen, Meltzer, Jed A.
Formato: Artículo
Publicado: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Dec2025
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Acceso en línea:Ver este registro en EBSCOhost
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      dt: Dec2025
      vid: 68
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      pub: American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
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        10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00268
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        atl: Natural Speech Analysis Can Reveal Individual Differences in Executive Function Across the Adult Lifespan.
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        au:
          Wei, Hsi T.
          Kulzhabayeva, Dana
          Erceg, Lella
          Rose, Mira Kates
          Spencer, Kiah A.
          Robin, Jessica
          Bialystok, Ellen
          Meltzer, Jed A.
        affil:
          Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
          Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
          Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
          Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
          Krembil Neuroscience Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
          Winterlight Labs, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
          Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
      su:
        Psychological aspects of aging
        Executive function
        Sound recordings
        Old age
        Cognition disorders diagnosis
        Independent living
        Data analysis
        Research funding
        Multiple regression analysis
        Natural language processing
        Photography
        Speech evaluation
        Neuropsychological tests
        Statistics
        Automation
        Factor analysis
        Data analysis software
        Dementia patients
      sug:
        subj:
          Psychological aspects of aging
          Executive function
          Sound recordings
          Old age
          Sound recording merchant wholesalers
          Record Production
          Integrated Record Production/Distribution
          Cognition disorders diagnosis
          Independent living
          Data analysis
          Research funding
          Multiple regression analysis
          Natural language processing
          Photography
          Speech evaluation
          Neuropsychological tests
          Statistics
          Automation
          Factor analysis
          Data analysis software
          Dementia patients
      ab: Purpose: Automated analysis of naturalistic speech has emerged as an effective tool for detecting cognitive decline in dementia but has seldom been used to examine the ordinary cognitive decline occurring in normal aging. Executive function (EF) declines throughout the adult lifespan but is difficult to track longitudinally due to practice effects, making speech-based assessments particularly attractive. This study examined relationships between EF and speech characteristics. Method: We collected two audio picture descriptions from participants in two experiments that also included EF assessments, with 67 healthy older adults (aged 65-75 years) in Study 1 and 174 healthy adults (aged 18-90 years) in Study 2. Language composite scores were computed by aggregating relevant speech features indexing aspects of speech that have been reported to show changes in pathological aging. Principal components reflecting common covariation in speech features were extracted from a large training data set to compute speech domain scores. The relationships between language composites/speech principal components and EF were assessed while controlling for age, gender, and education. Results: In Study 1, older adults' word-finding difficulties, measured as speech disfluencies, showed significant associations with EF. Study 2 confirms that speech disfluencies can explain individual differences in EF not only for adults above the age of 65 years but also across the adult lifespan. Information units and coherence in speech showed weaker associations with EF and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores that were not significant after correction for multiple comparisons. Conclusion: The findings revealed associations between word-finding ability in natural speech and general EF across the adult lifespan, supporting natural speech analysis as a convenient and sensitive assessment of general cognitive ability.
      pubtype: Academic Journal
      doctype: Article
      src: R
    language: English
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